老年人营养不良状况及影响因素分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2022.08.017

Abstract

Abstract: Objective To assess the nutritional status in the elderly and to analyze the risk factors affecting the nutrition. Methods Through cluster sampling methods, 262,226 elderly people aged over 65 years old in Yantai City from December 2019 to March 2020 were selected and underwent Mini-Nutritional Assessment Short-Form (MNA-SF) assessment. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors influencing malnutrition. Results The results showed that among the 219 222 validly surveyed elderly people in Yantai, 24 489 (11.2%) were assessed to be at risk of malnutrition and 1589 (0.7%) were assessed as malnutrition. Compared with the normal nutrition group, there were statistical differences in age, education level, place of residence, marital status, pension mode, polypharmacy, self-care ability, cognitive function, risk of aspiration, risk of falling, risk of pressure ulcer, and depressive state in the risk of malnutrition and malnutrition group. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that older age, urban residence, institutional care, decline in self-care ability, cognitive dysfunction, risk of aspiration, risk of falling, risk of pressure ulcers, depression and polypharmacy were the risk factors of malnutrition (P＜0.01). Higher education level and being married were the protective factors of malnutrition in the elderly (P＜0.01). Conclusions The incidence rate of malnutrition in the elderly is influenced by lots of factors. Attention should be paid to the assessment of the nutritional status, and targeted interventions should be formulated to improve their nutritional status.

Key words: malnutrition, influencing factors, Mini-Nutritional Assessment Short-Form, aged

CLC Number:

R153.3

YU A-cui, CHEN Xi, YANG Meng-na, SONG Xiao-ming, LI Hao, CI Li-ya. Nutrition status and the risk factors in the elderly[J]. Practical Geriatrics, 2022, 36(8): 822-826.

References

[1] RASHEEDY D, EL-KAWALY W H. The accuracy of the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index in detecting frailty and sarcopenia in hospitalized older adults[J]. Aging Clin Exp Res, 2020, 32(12): 2469-2477.
[2] CRICHTON M, CRAVEN D, MACKAY H, et al. A systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression of the prevalence of protein-energy malnutrition: associations with geographical region and sex[J]. Age ageing, 2019, 48(1): 38-48.
[3] KAISER M J, BAUER J M, RAMSCH C, et al. Validation of the Mini Nutritional Assessment Short-Form (MNA©-SF): a practical tool for identification of nutritional status[J]. J Nutr Health Aging,2009, 13(9): 782-788.
[4] 巴睿婕,任威卫.误吸风险评估表在老年病科使用的护理体会[J].当代护士:上旬刊,2017(2):142-144
[5] 诸葛毅,俎德玲,王小同,等.卫生部指南量表测试老年人跌倒风险[J].中国老年学杂志,2014,34(1):188-190.
[6] HOYL M T, ALESSI C A, HARKER J O, et al. Development and testing of a five‐item version of the Geriatric Depression Scale[J].J Am Geriatr Soc,1999, 47(7): 873-878.
[7] BERGSTROM N, BRADEN BJ, LAGUZZA A, et al. The Braden Scale for predicting pressure sore risk[J]. Nurs Res, 1987, 36(4): 205-210.
[8] BORSON S, SCANLAN J M, CHEN P, et al. The Mini-Cog as a screen for dementia: validation in a population-based sample[J]. J Am Geriatr Soc, 2003, 51(10): 1451-1454.
[9] PELAVSKI A D, DE MIGUEL M, ALCARAZ GARCIA-TEJEDOR G, et al. Mortality, geriatric, and nongeriatric surgical risk factors among the eldest old: a prospective observational study[J]. Anesth Analg, 2017, 125(4): 1329-1336.
[10] 中华人民共和国国务院办公厅.国民营养计划(2017—2030)[EB/OL](2017-07-13)[2019-03-02] .http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2017-07/13/content_5210134.htm.
[11] WILLIS H. Causes, assessment and treatment of malnutrition in older people[J]. Nurs Older People, 2017, 29(2): 20-25.
[12] KUSHWAHA S, KIRAN T, SRIVASTAVA R, et al. Estimates of malnutrition and risk of malnutrition among the elderly (≥ 60 years) in India: A systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. Ageing Res Rev, 2020: 101137.
[13] BACKLUND A, HOLMBECK O, KUMLIEN C, et al. A registry study of nursing assessments, interventions and evaluations according to nutrition for persons living in municipal residential care homes[J]. Nurs Open,2018,5(3):341-350.
[14] HALLAJ F A. Assessment of the nutritional status of residents in homes for the elderly in Lattakia, Syrian Arab Republic[J]. East Mediterr Health J, 2015,21(10):753-761.
[15] CORISH C A, BARDON L A. Malnutrition in older adults: screening and determinants[J]. Proc Nutr Soc,2019,78(3):372-379.
[16] VAN ZWIENEN-POT J I, VISSER M, KUIJPERS M, et al. Undernutrition in nursing home rehabilitation patients[J]. Clin Nutr,2017,36(3):755-759.
[17] SALMINEN K S, SUOMINEN M H, SOINI H, et al. Associations between nutritional status and health-related quality of life among long-term care residents in Helsinki[J]. J Nutr Health Aging,2019,23(5):474-478.
[18] LAMBERT K, TAYLOR E, BOWDEN S, et al. Nutritional status according to the Mini Nutritional Assessment predicts speed and degree of functional improvement and discharge outcomes in rehabilitation patients[J]. J Nutr Gerontol Geriatr,2020,39(1):16-29.
[19] LELLI D, TOLONE S, PULIGNANO G, et al. Nutritional status is associated with physical function and disability in older adults with chronic heart failure[J]. Eur J Intern Med,2020,74:73-78.
[20] BELL C L, LEE A S, TAMURA B K. Malnutrition in the nursing home[J]. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care, 2015,18(1):17-23.
[21] PODA G G, HSU C Y, RAU H H, et al. Impact of socio-demographic factors, lifestyle and health status on nutritional status among the elderly in Taiwan[J]. Nutr Res Pract, 2019, 13(3): 222-229.
[22] PEREIRA MACHADO R S, SANTA CRUZ COELHO M A. Risk of malnutrition among Brazilian institutionalized elderly: a study with the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) Questionnaire[J]. J Nutr Health Aging, 2011,15(7): 532-535.

Nutrition status and the risk factors in the elderly

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References

Related Articles 15

Metrics

Recommended 10

[1]	LI Jiang, QIU Yan, WANG Ting, WANG Dan, YU Yifan, PU Lingli, BU Ling. Correlation between preoperative SII/ALB and clinicopathologic features in elderly patients with lung adenocarcinoma [J]. Practical Geriatrics, 2024, 38(9): 893-896.
[2]	DAI Jing, CUI Yan. Correlation between glycosylated hemoglobin variability and cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus [J]. Practical Geriatrics, 2024, 38(9): 931-935.
[3]	ZHENG Hong, QI Zhenbo, XU Peng, XU Jie, YU Xinyu, ZANG Yanan, ZHANG Zhaoyan. Effects of hypnotics on cognition function and daytime sleepiness in the elderly [J]. Practical Geriatrics, 2024, 38(9): 936-939.
[4]	ZHANG Xingxing, ZHANG Haiyang, HE Xiaojing, LU Xiang. Investigation on the relationship between different physical indexes and the risk of diabetes mellitus in the elderly [J]. Practical Geriatrics, 2024, 38(9): 940-943.
[5]	NI Hongyan, CHEN Yun, ZHANG Qibing, MA Yiming, XIE Chenglan. Effects of electroacupuncture on cognitive function and inflammatory factors in elderly patients undergoing lower limb orthopedic surgery during the perioperative period [J]. Practical Geriatrics, 2024, 38(9): 944-947.
[6]	LI Xiaomin, LI Xiaolin, LI Jie, WU Lei, HAO Ranran. Efficiency influencing factors of transanal double-balloon enteroscopy in elderly patients [J]. Practical Geriatrics, 2024, 38(9): 958-961.
[7]	CAI Huicui, CHEN Yan, WANG Yan, YE Jinjun, ZHU Yuying. Effects of diversified health education model with simple respiratory function exercise on cancer-related fatigue and compliance behavior in elderly patients with lung cancer receiving radiotherapy [J]. Practical Geriatrics, 2024, 38(9): 968-972.
[8]	WANG Xiaojiao, WANG Ning, CUI Hong, YE Tong, WANG Xiaoming. Influence of exercise rehabilitation in elderly patients with mild to moderate chronic heart failure [J]. Practical Geriatrics, 2024, 38(8): 775-778.
[9]	SHEN Chenjun, WANG Xiaoqing, TANG Degang, NING Ping. Correlation between standardized uric acid and renal function in elderly patients with chronic kidney disease aged 90 and over [J]. Practical Geriatrics, 2024, 38(8): 779-782.
[10]	HAO Shijie, ZOU Jianpeng, WEI Chen, LIU Qingjiang. Effect of comprehensive respiratory training on hypokinetic dysarthria in elderly patients with Parkinson’s disease [J]. Practical Geriatrics, 2024, 38(8): 783-787.
[11]	XIANG Chao, LUO Caidong. Analysis of the diagnostic value of T wave change of avL lead for the degree of coronary artery stenosis in elderly patients with coronary heart disease [J]. Practical Geriatrics, 2024, 38(8): 788-791.
[12]	LI Huiying, CAI Lili, ZHU Qiwei. Predictive value of plasma N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide for prognosis in patients aged ≥80 years old with left ventricular hypertrophy [J]. Practical Geriatrics, 2024, 38(8): 797-801.
[13]	WANG Xinping, XIE Baimei, WEI Guo, YE Xiaoli, ZHAO Yayun, TAN Xiaotian. Expression levels and clinical significance of serum S100A9 and sCD163 in elderly patients with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia [J]. Practical Geriatrics, 2024, 38(8): 802-807.
[14]	LIU Meijuan, WANG Ning, WANG Dong, LU Fangzhou, LIU Juan. Effect of low-dose lidocaine combined with propofol on motor evoked potential in elderly patients undergoing intracranial tumor resection [J]. Practical Geriatrics, 2024, 38(8): 808-811.
[15]	LI Jingbing, WANG Huijun, WANG Shaoying, ZHAO Can, WANG Lidi, CAO Yujiao. Impacts of pentoxifylline combined with lipoic acid intervention on physical function and quality of life in elderly patients with frailty syndrome [J]. Practical Geriatrics, 2024, 38(8): 812-815.