The care for disabled elderly population has emerged as a pressing public issue in aging societies, sparking extensive discussions. More critically, it poses tremendous challenges to caregivers due to escalating costs and complex multidimensional demands. Improving the quality of life for this population has become an urgent priority in China. This paper reviews the current applications of artificial intelligence (AI) in the care of elderly people with physical disabilities, aiming to provide references for the clinical application of AI technology in the care of disabled elderly in China.

Falls are a common health issue among the elderly. In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has shown unique advantages in fall risk management. This article discusses the research progress of AI in fall risk management for the elderly, covering data sources, data collection methods, algorithm applications, fall detection technology, and the improvement of balance and walking ability through intelligent mobility aids and brain-computer interface technology. It aims to provide a reference for the application of AI in fall risk management for the elderly.

This review introduces the advances in the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in the early screening and diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), as well as in the intervention and care for AD patients. It highlights that AI can assist in the early diagnosis of AD and the entire drug development process, identify the potential risks of AD, generate personalized treatment plans for AD patients, and more accurately predict the disease outcomes, ultimately improve the quality of life in AD patients. However, AI in the full-course management of AD still faces challenges, including ethical considerations, data privacy, and the seamless integration of AI into clinical workflows.

Dysphagia is one of the common geriatric syndromes, significantly affecting the health and quality of life of the elderly. In recent years, with the advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) in the medical field, research focusing on the application of AI in dysphagia has been increasing annually. This article reviews the current applications of AI in identification, diagnosis and intervention of dysphagia, and further analyzes both the advantages and limitations of AI implementation, in order to provide a reference for promoting the further application and development of AI in the management of dysphagia.

With the acceleration of the aging process, the incidence of chronic diseases and comorbidities in the elderly has increased, and the health management needs of elderly patients have become increasingly prominent. In recent years, artificial intelligence has rapidly developed and been widely applied across various fields. It has also been initially applied and explored in the health management of elderly patients. This paper reviews the applications of artificial intelligence in this field and summarizes the associated challenges, aiming to provide references for its further development in the elderly health management.

Objective To investigate the current status of comorbidity of anxiety and depression and the correlation with somatic function in the community-dwelling elderly. Methods A convenience sampling method was used to select 262 elderly aged≥ 65 years old from three streets of a community in Wuxi City. A qustiomarie survey was conducted including socio-demographic characteristics, combined chronic diseases and living habits. The mental health of the elderly was assessed by using the Generalized Anxiety Scale and the Depression Screening Scale, and the somatic function-related indicators including lung capacity, grip strength and choice response time were measured by the Physical Fitness Test Instrument. Finally, multifactor logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of comorbidity of anxiety and depression. Results There were 43(16.41%) elderly people presenting with comorbidity of anxiety and depression. Multifactor logistic regression analysis showed that chronic diseases, sleep duration <6 h, and increased choice response time were independent risk factors for comorbidity of anxiety and depression in the community-dwelling elderly. Conclusions Community-dwelling elderly have a higher prevalence of comorbidity of anxiety and depression, which is closely related to declining somatic function and unhealthy lifestyles.

Objective To explore the relationship between systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI) and all-cause death as well as cardiovascular mortality in the elderly patients with hyperuricemia, and to develop an effective mortality risk prediction model based on SIRI to improve risk stratification and guide clinical personalized decision-making. Methods This was a prospective cohort study that included 1997 elderly patients with hyperuricemia from the NHANES (1999—2010) database. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to explore the relationship between SIRI and all-cause death as well as cardiovascular mortality, and identify the key predictive factors. A corresponding risk prediction model was constructed. The model’s performance was evaluated by internal validation and area under the curve (AUC). Additionally, X-tile software was used to determine the optimal cutoff for risk stratification. Results During a median follow-up of 152 months, 1131 participants died, of which 330 died from cardiovascular diseases. Elevated SIRI was independently associated with both all-cause mortality (HR=1.17, 95% CI: 1.13－1.22, P<0.001) and cardiovascular mortality (HR=1.44, 95% CI: 1.28－1.62, P<0.001). The prediction model based on SIRI showed good performance in predicting all-cause mortality (AUC=0.722) and cardiovascular mortality (AUC=0.797). Calibration curves and clinical decision curve analysis further validated the accuracy and clinical applicability of the model. Risk stratification analysis showed significant differences between the stratified groups (log-rank P<0.001). Conclusions SIRI is an independent predictor of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality in the elderly patients with hyperuricemia. The predictive model based on SIRI demonstrates good discriminative ability, accuracy, and clinical decision-making value, which can aid in personalized risk assessment and guide clinical decision-making.

Objective To investigate the effects of sacubitril valsartan sodium tablets (ARNI) on cardiac function and neurotransmitter indicators in the elderly patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) complicated with anxiety and depression. Methods A total of 120 elderly patients with CHF complicated with anxiety and depression admitted to our hospital from January 2021 to December 2023 were enrolled. They were randomly divided into observation group (60 cases) and control group (60 cases). The control group received conventional treatment for heart failure (furosemide, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, metoprolol succinate sustained-release tablets, and spironolactone), while the observation group received ARNI, furosemide, metoprolol succinate sustained-release tablets, and spironolactone. The treatment duration was 3 months in both groups. The score of anxiety and depression scale, New York Heart Association (NYHA) cardiac function classification, 6-minute walk distance (6MWD), the score of Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ), the levels of the echocardiographic indicators such as left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), the levels of serum N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), and serotonin (5-HT), dopamine (DA), and norepinephrine (NE) were compared between the two groups. Results After treatment, the observation group showed significantly better outcomes in the score of anxiety and depression scale, NYHA cardiac function classification, 6MWD, the score of MLHFQ, the levels of echocardiographic parameters (LVEDD, LVESD, LVEF), NT-proBNP, and neurotransmitters (5-HT, DA, NE) compared to the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions ARNI, when routinely used in the treatment of elderly patients with CHF complicated with anxiety and depression, can improve clinical efficacy, cardiac function and life quality, and alleviate anxiety and depression. The potential mechanisms may be related to increased neurotransmitter levels, reduced myocardial oxidative stress damage, improved antioxidant capacity, and delayed myocardial remodeling.

Objective To investigate the risk factors for delayed wound healing(DWH) in aged patients with colorectal cancer. Methods The clinical data of 104 patients who underwent radical resection for colorectal cancer at Department of General Surgery, Jiangsu Shengze Hospital from June 2020 to April 2024 were collected. All patients were divided into DWH group (n=24) and good wound healing group (n=80). The preoperative general clinical data, intraoperative and postoperative clinical indexes were compared between the two groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the influencing factors of DWH. Results The proportion of sarcopenia, age, proportion of diabetes, intraoperative bleeding volume and incidence rate of complications showed significant differences between the two groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that sarcopenia(OR=3.559,95%CI:1.203－10.53,P=0.022)and intraoperative bleeding(OR=3.383,95%CI:1.178－9.714,P=0.024)were risk factors of DWH. Conclusions Sarcopenia diagnosed through CT measurement of skeletal muscle index can serve as a significant predictor for DWH in the elderly patients undergoing radical resection of colorectal cancer.

Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of immunotherapy, plus anti-angiogenic drug and chemotherapy for advanced or metastatic gastric cancer (GC), and to explore the potential biomarkers associated with response. Methods The clinical data of 23 elderly patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)-negative advanced or metastatic GC who received immune checkpoint inhibitor plus anti-angiogenic drug and chemotherapy were retrospectively analyzed. The effectiveness of the conversion therapy was evaluated by the proportion of the patients who were considered operable by a gastric surgeon after postoperative pathological assessment and multidisciplinary team ( including the departments of radiology, gastric surgery, and oncology) consultation. The patients were stratified by biomarkers using next generation sequencing (NGS) and multiple immunofluorescence (mIF). Results The Objective response rate was 78.3%(95%CI:56.3%－92.5%) and disease control rate was 87.0%(95%CI: 66.4%－97.2%). Eight patients (34.8%) achieved conversion therapy and R0 resection rate was 87.5% (7/8). Furthermore, seven patients (87.5%) responded to the treatment, with 1 case of pathological complete response and 6 cases of major pathological response. The patients responding to combination therapy had significantly higher proportion of CD8⁺ T cell in tumor center and invasive margin before treatment (P<0.05), and the density and fraction of CD8⁺ T cells significantly increased after combination treatment in the invasive margin (P<0.05). Conclusions Immunotherapy plus anti-angiogenic drug and chemotherapy is a promising treatment strategy for advanced and metastatic GC in the elderly patients. Tumor infiltration of CD8⁺ T cells may serve as potential predictive biomarker.

Objective To investigate the effect of digital cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (dCBT-I) on sleep quality and cognitive function in the elderly patients with depression and insomnia. Methods A total of 43 elderly patients with depression and insomnia treated in Jiangsu Province Official Hospital from October 2021 to June 2023 were enrolled, including 20 patients with early-onset depression (EOD group) and 23 patients with late-onset depression (LOD group). All patients received dCBT-I for 6 weeks, and their cognitive function and subjective and Objective sleep quality were evaluated before and after treatment. Results After dCBT-I intervention, the scores of 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17) in the two groups were reduced significantly (P<0.05). The number of delayed recall words in the auditory verbal learning test (AVLT) in LOD group was significantly more than that before intervention, and the scores of clock Drawing test (CDT) and trail making test (TMT) were significantly better than those before intervention (P<0.05). AVLT delayed recall was significantly improved in EOD group, but other cognitive metrics showed no significant changes. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score, prolonged total sleep time, enhanced sleep efficiency, and the proportion of non-rapid eye movement sleep stage 3 were significantly increased in the two groups. Conclusions dCBT-I can effectively alleviate depressive symptoms, improving sleep quality and specific cognitive functions in the elderly patients with depression, especially enhancing delayed recall and executive function in LOD patients.

Objective To explore the association of care partner-frailty index-comprehensive geriatric assessment (CP-FI-CGA)and unplanned readmission (UR) in the elderly patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods A total of 200 elderly CHD patients admitted to Department of Geriatrics, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital without planned admission from January 2021 to June 2023 were enrolled. A self-designed questionnaire was used to collect the general information. CP-FI-CGA was used for frailty assessment, and the study subjects were divided into non-frailty group (NF group), pre-frailty group (PF group) and frailty group (F group) based on CP-FI-CGA. All patients were prospectively followed up, and the end event was defined as UR due to any reason. Results Among the 200 patients,39 patients (19.5%) showed frailty, 62 patients (31.0%) showed pre-frailty, and 99 patients (49.5%) showed non-frailty. There were 22 cases, 17 cases, and 20 cases of UR in F group, PF group and NF group, respectively. Kaplan-Meier curves revealed median UR-free survival times of 2.9 (2.0-4.0) months, 4.0 (2.4-4.7) months, and 4.0 (3.0-4.6) months in F group, PF group, and NF group, respectively. The 6-month UR-free survival rate was 43.6%, 72.6% and 79.8%, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in the UR-free survival curves among the three groups (χ²=25.213, P<0.001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that frailty was an independent risk factor for UR. Conclusions Frailty assessed by CP-FI-CGA is an independent risk factor for UR in the elderly patients with CHD, which provides a basis for screening high-risk individuals and developing targeted intervention.

Objective To explore the efficacy of serum silent information regulator protein (sirtuin)1 combined with sirtuin6 in predicting frailty in the elderly patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods A total of 235 elderly CHD patients admitted to Guangyuan First People’s Hospital from May 2022 to July 2024 were enrolled. All patients were divided into the frailty group (81 cases) and the non-frailty group (154 cases). The general clinical data were collected and the serum levels of sirtuin1 and sirtuin6 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The influencing factors of frailty in the elderly CHD patients were analyzed by univariate analysis and multivariate unconditional logistic regression. The predictive value of serum sirtuin1 and sirtuin6 for frailty were analyzed by receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve. Results Among the 235 elderly CHD patients, the incidence rate of frailty was 34.47% (81/235). Age, New York Heart Association (NYHA) cardiac function classification, malnutrition, history of falls within the past year, the levels of albumin and hemoglobin showed statistically significant differences between the two groups (all P<0.05). Compared to the non-frailty group, the serum sirtuin1 and sirtuin6 levels were lower in the frailty group (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, NYHA functional class Ⅲ, malnutrition, decreased levels of sirtuin1 and sirtuin6 were independent risk factors for frailty in the elderly CHD patients (P<0.05). The area under ROC curve (AUC) of sirtuin1 combined with sirtuin6 in predicting frailty was 0.890, which was significantly higher than that of sirtuin1 (0.811) and sirtuin6 (0.800) alone (all P<0.05). Conclusions Decreased serum sirtuin1 and sirtuin6 levels are risk factors for frailty in elderly patients with CHD, and the combination of serum sirtuin1 and sirtuin6 has high predictive efficiency.

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effects of glucocorticoids and(or) immunoglobulins in the elderly patients with tirofiban-induced severe thrombocytopenia. Methods The clinical data, usage and dosage of glucocorticoid/immunoglobulin, the change of platelet (PLT), the incidence of various bleeding events of 29 cases of elderly patients with severe tirofiban-induced thrombocytopenia admitted to Department of Cardiology, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital from September 2008 to September 2023 were retrospectively collected. All patients were divided into elderly group (n=18) and non-elderly group (n=11). Each group was further divided into treatment subgroup (receiving glucocorticoids and/or immunoglobulins) and control subgroup. The time to PLT recovery (normalization), the baseline value and the lowest value of PLT, the incidence of various bleeding events were compared among the groups. Linear regression analysis was employed to examine the interaction between age and treatment. Results Baseline characteristics, lowest value and baseline value of PLT, and usage and dosage of glucocorticoid/immunoglobulin showed no significant differences between elderly group and non-elderly group (P>0.05). In the elderly patients, there were no significant differences in the baseline value and lowest value of PLT between treatment subgroup and control subgroup (P＞0.05), but the PLT recovery time was significantly shorter in the treatment subgroup than that in the control subgroup (P＜0.05). In non-elderly patients, there were no significant differences in the above indicators between treatment subgroup and control subgroup (P＞0.05). Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed a significant interaction between age and immunosuppressive therapy (P<0.05). Immunosuppressive treatment significantly reduced the time to normalization of PLT in the elderly patients (P <0.05), while showing no significant impact in non-elderly patients (P>0.05). No statistically significant difference in the incidence of bleeding events was observed among the groups (P>0.05). Conclusions Glucocorticoids and (or) immunoglobulins can significantly accelerate PLT recovery in the elderly patients with tirofiban-induced severe thromocytopenia.

Objective To investigate the application value of awake prone position combined with high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy(HFNC) in the elderly patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) presenting with mild to moderate respiratory failure. Methods A total of 60 elderly AECOPD patients with mild to moderate respiratory failure admitted to Nanjing Jiangning Hospital from January to October 2024 were enrolled in this study. All the patients were randomly divided into the observation group (n=30) and the control group (n=30). The control group was treated with HFNC, and the observation group was given awake prone position combined with HFNC. Sputum volume, oxygenation index (PaO₂/FiO₂), partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO₂), modified Medical Research Council respiratory questionnaire (mMRC) score,systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate (HR) and incidence of stress injury were compared between the two groups. Results On the first day of treatment, the sputum volume in the observation group was more than that in the control group (P＜0.01). After treatment, the levels of PaO₂/FiO₂, PaCO₂ and mMRC score in both groups were significantly improved compared with those before treatment (P＜0.01), especially in the observation group (P＜0.05).The level of HR in both groups was significantly lower than that before treatment (P＜0.05). There were 2 cases (6.67%) of facial stress injury in the observation group and 1 case (3.33%) in the control group, with no statistical difference between the two groups (P＞0.05). Conclusions Awake prone position combined with HFNC can effectively enhance sputum clearance, improve oxygenation index and relieve dyspnea in the elderly AECOPD patients with mild to moderate respiratory failure, and it may be worth promoting.

Objective To investigate the correlation between body mass index (BMI) and vasospastic angina (VSA) in the elderly patients with hypertension. Methods This retrospective case-control study enrolled 100 elderly hypertensive patients presenting with VSA (VSA group) at Xuzhou Central Hospital from January 2019 to January 2024. The diagnosis was confirmed via rest-cold pressor single-photon emission computed tomography myocardial perfusion imaging (SPECT MPI). The control group (non-VSA group) was matched 1∶1 from elderly hypertensive patients with normal SPECT MPI results and no VSA evidence in the same period. Clinical parameters, including age, gender, BMI, diabetes, smoking history, lipid profiles, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), serum creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and echocardiographic data were compared between the two groups. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify independent risk factors for VSA. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis was employed to evaluate the dose-response relationship between BMI and the risk of VSA. Spearman’s rank correlation was used to assess the correlation of BMI with myocardial ischemia severity such as summed stress score (SSS) and total perfusion defect (TPD). Results Compared to non-VSA group, the levels of BMI, left ventricular diameter (LV), transiet ischemic dilation (TID), FPG, triglycerides, total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)and the prevalence of diabetes were significantly higher, and the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was significantly lower in VSA group (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed BMI, LV and diabetes were independent risk factors for VSA (P< 0.05). RCS analysis revealed a linear positive correlation between BMI and VSA risk (P for overall trend<0.05; P for nonlinearity > 0.05). In the elderly hypertensive patients with BMI＞24.6, the increase in BMI significantly increased the risk of VSA. Spearman’s rank correlation analysis indicated a positive association between BMI and both SSS and TPD grades (P<0.05). Conclusions In the elderly hypertensive patients, BMI is an independent risk factor for VSA, with a linear dose-response relationship. Higher BMI correlates with greater severity of myocardial ischemia caused by VSA.

Objective To investigate the risk factors of cataract in the elderly patients with uveitis, and to establish a nomogram predictive model. Methods A total of 223 patients with uveitis admitted to Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology from March 2021 to March 2024 were retrospectively selected. Relevant clinical data were collected. All patients were divided into cataract group (116 cases) and non-cataract group (107 cases) based on the presence of cataract complications. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to analyze the related factors affecting cataract complications in the elderly patients with uveitis, and the prediction model was constructed and verified by nomogram. Results Higher disease severity score, the frequency of uveitis ≥2 times per year, cystoid macular edema (CME), diabetes, long-term use of glucocorticoids, older age and family history of cataract were identified as the risk factors for cataract in the elderly patients with uveitis (P < 0.05). The regression-based nomogram predictive model showed good calibration (mean absolute error=0.02) and discrimination (C-index=0.851). Its predictive performance was also excellent, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.885. Conclusions The incidence rate of cataract is high in the elderly patients with uveitis. Risk factors include advanced age, family history of cataract, severity of uveitis, diabetes and long-term use of hormones, and concomitant CME. The nomogram model constructed based on these factors shows high predictive value for cataract in the elderly patients with uveitis.

Objective To explore the risk factors of refeeding syndrome (RFS) in the elderly patients with severe stroke, and to construct a risk prediction model to guide clinical assessment. Methods Convenience sampling was used to enroll the elderly patients with severe stroke admitted to Nanjing First Hospital from August 2023 to September 2024 in the study. The participants were divided into RFS group and non-RFS group based on RFS occurrence, and their general information, and the scores of nutrition risk screening (NRS) 2002, enteral nutrition (EN) tolerance, and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS)were collected.Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the influencing factors of RFS, and a prediction model for RFS was developed.The performance of the model was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration curve and Hosmer-Lemeshow (HL) fit goodness test. Results A total of 253 patients were enrolled, and 54(21.34%) of them presented with RFS. Protein supplementation during refeeding, pre-refeeding serum level of albumin, NRS2002 score, EN tolerance score, and BMI<18.5 were independent influencing factors for RFS in the elderly patients with severe stroke (P<0.05). The area under the ROC curve of the predictive model was 0.897 (95% CI :0.835－0.958), with a maximum Youden index of 0.714, sensitivity of 0.940, and specificity of 0.774. The HL test showed a high degree of model fit, and the calibration curve showed good consistency. Conclusions The model shows good fit and high predictive performance. Clinical nursing staff should focus on elderly patients with BMI<18.5, additional protein supplementation during refeeding, low pre-refeeding serum albumin concentration and elevated NRS2002 score or EN tolerance score.

Objective To investigate the risk factors associated with cardiac syndrome X (CSX) in the elderly women, with a particular focus on the impact of bone mineral density (BMD) and bone metabolism markers. Methods A total of 256 elderly women admitted to the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from 2021 to 2024 were divided into the CSX group (n=126) and the control group (n=130). The general clinical data, bone mineral density (BMD) and bone turnover markers were compared between the two groups, and the influencing factors of CSX in the elderly women were analyzed by logistic regression analysis. Results The CSX group showed higher proportion of alcohol abuse, smoking, hypertension and osteoporosis, along with elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and electrocardiograph ST-segment depression, compared with the control group (P<0.05). Conversely, the levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and estradiol were significantly lower in the CSX group (P<0.05). The BMD of lumbar spine and femoral neck, and the level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D were significantly lower (P<0.05), and the levels of bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP), osteocalcin (BGP), and procollagen Ⅰ N-terminal propeptide (P1NP) were significantly higher in the CSX group than those in the control group (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed that decreased femoral neck BMD, reduced estradiol level, elevated LDL-C, and increased levels of P1NP, BALP, and BGP were independent risk factors for CSX in the elderly women. Conclusions Reduced BMD, hypoestrogenism, dyslipidemia, and increased bone turnover jointly drive the incidence of CSX in the elderly women. Integrated management should target both bone metabolism and cardiovascular risk.

As the global population is aging, the incidence and mortality of cancer in the elderly population continue to increase. Tumor metastasis is one of the major influencing factor of cancer prognosis, and the process of tumor metastasis in the elderly patients is significantly affected by aging-related biological changes compared with younger patients. This paper analyzes the effects of aging on the mechanisms of tumor metastasis, including epithelial-mesenchymal transition, vascular aging, immune senescence, extracellular matrix remodeling and metabolic senescence. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition plays a key role in cancer cell metastasis, and aging-associated secretory phenotype promotes this transition and enhances tumor cell invasiveness. Vascular aging weakens vascular structure and makes it easier for cancer cells to penetrate. Aging of the immune system reduces anti-tumor immune surveillance capacity and increases metastatic risk. Remodeling of the extracellular matrix and metabolic senescence provide suitable environments for the growth and spread of tumor cells. In-depth understanding of these mechanisms can help optimize personalized therapeutic strategies for elderly patients with cancer and provide a theoretical basis for the application of anti-aging interventions in cancer control and prevention.

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the prevalent neurodegenerative diseases in the elderly patients, characterized by progressive cognitive decline and the accumulation of lesioned neurons. With the aging of the population, the incidence of AD is increasing year by year, and in-depth exploration of its pathogenesis can help to identify potential predictive and therapeutic targets. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) is an emerging next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology that enables high-resolution profiling of gene expression at the single cell level. This approach overcomes the inherent limitations of traditional bulk RNA sequencing, which only captures averaged transcriptional responses across heterogeneous cell populations. By dissecting cellular heterogeneity among phenotypically similar cells,scRNA-seq provides novel insights into AD pathogenesis. This paper summarizes the methodologies and applications of scRNA-seq, and describes the potential application value in unraveling the pathogenesis of AD and developing therapeutic target drugs.