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Table of Content

    20 June 2025, Volume 39 Issue 6 Previous Issue    Next Issue
    Research progress on inflammation and sleep disorders
    WANG Qi, WANG Zhe, WANG Yuehui
    2025, 39 (6):  543-546.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2025.06.002
    Abstract ( 92 )   PDF (1141KB) ( 39 )   Save
    Sleep disorders widely affect adults globally, being particularly prominent among the elderly. There is a complex bidirectional relationship between sleep disorders and inflammation, which has a profound impact on human health. This article delves into the interaction mechanisms between sleep disorders and inflammation. It separately describes the effects of sleep disorders on inflammatory factors, such as activating inflammatory signaling pathways and leading to an increase in inflammatory factors, as well as the impact of inflammation on sleep, like interfering with sleep structure and patterns. Innovatively, it is proposed to regulate sleep-immune function through drug and behavioral interventions to break the vicious cycle between sleep disorders and inflammation, thereby improving sleep disorders and slowing down disease progression. Future research should focus on the molecular mechanisms of the interaction between sleep disorders and inflammation to provide a theoretical basis for the development of more precise and effective intervention measures. In clinical treatment, it is recommended to incorporate the treatment of sleep disorders and inflammation into a comprehensive treatment plan to improve patients’ quality of life and to reduce disease risks.
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    Research progress of inflammation and cognitive impairment
    CHANG Lin, GAO Yonghong
    2025, 39 (6):  547-550.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2025.06.003
    Abstract ( 21 )   PDF (1136KB) ( 95 )   Save
    Cognitive dysfunction is a group of senile syndromes with high prevalence, which not only seriously affects the quality of life of elderly patients, but also brings heavy burden to society and family due to the lack of effective treatment. Clarifying the pathogenesis of cognitive impairment is a breakthrough point to seek early intervention. In recent years, numerous studies both at home and abroad have suggested that the pathogenesis of cognitive impairment may be related to inflammatory responses to some extent. Therefore, this article reviews the relationship between inflammation and multiple diseases accompanied by cognitive dysfunction.
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    Inflammation and common geriatric syndromes: research progress with a focus on hearing impairment
    DENG Chaowei, LIU Danli, YE Xujun
    2025, 39 (6):  551-554.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2025.06.004
    Abstract ( 16 )   PDF (1133KB) ( 33 )   Save
    Presbycusis is a significant public health issue faced by aging societies, with its pathogenesis involving complex interactions among chronic low-grade inflammation, oxidative stress, and metabolic dysregulation. Chronic low-grade inflammation is one of the core features of inflammatory aging, characterized by a persistent low-level inflammatory state without an obvious source of infection, accompanied by elevated pro-inflammatory factors (such as interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-1β) and decreased anti-inflammatory factors (such as interleukin-10). Recent studies have shown a close relationship between the pathological processes of presbycusis and chronic low-grade inflammation, with anti-inflammatory therapeutic strategies, including mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors, nanodrug delivery systems, and gene editing technologies, demonstrating potential therapeutic value. This paper reviews the latest research on the molecular mechanisms, clinical associations, and therapeutic strategies related to inflammatory pathways in presbycusis, and suggests future research prospects that combine multi-omics technologies with targeted delivery systems to achieve precise clinical interventions.
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    Effects of mouse pancreatic aging-related peptides on the function of islet β-cell
    PAN Fenghui, HE Xuan, CUI Wenxia, HU Yun
    2025, 39 (6):  555-560.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2025.06.005
    Abstract ( 21 )   PDF (1520KB) ( 58 )   Save
    Objective To screen and validate islet function related pancreatic endogenous peptides differentially expressed between adult and aging mice, and to explore its mechanism. Methods Candidate peptides that might be related to islet function were screened from pancreatic peptides differentially expressed in adult and aging mice by using bioinformatics technology. The liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry-multiple reaction monitoring technology was used to quantitatively verify the expression difference of the candidate peptides between adult mice and aging mice. The effects of target peptides on the gene and protein expression of insulin transcription factors including pancreatic duodenal homeobox factor 1(Pdx1), tendon membrane fibrosarcoma gene homolog A (MafA) and NK6 transcription factor related 1 (NKX6.1) were evaluated though real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blot analysis. The effects of target peptides on insulin secretion level were examined by conducting a glucose-stimulated insulin secretion experiment. Results The content of seven candidate peptides down-regulated in aging mice was screened and verified. Finally, it was found that after treating MIN6 cells with 10 μmol/L KDKKGKGGTKT peptide for 3 hours, the gene and protein levels of Pdx1, MafA and NKX6.1 were increased and insulin secretion level in cells was increased under the stimulation of high gulcose (20 mmol/L), with all differences being significant (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusions The differentially expressed peptides in the pancreas of adult and aging mice may participate in the biological process related to diabetes and islet function. The KDKKGKGGTKT peptide may improve the function of islet β-cell.
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    Efficacy of biofeedback combined with electrical stimulation on urinary incontinence in elderly patients underwent radical prostatectomy
    DENG Yujie, WU Sheng, HUANG Yi
    2025, 39 (6):  561-564.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2025.06.006
    Abstract ( 22 )   PDF (1046KB) ( 34 )   Save
    Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of biofeedback combined with electrical stimulation (BES) for continuous urinary incontinence in the elderly patients received radical prostatectomy (RP). Methods A total of 82 elderly patients undergoing RP who suffered from continuous urinary incontinence from October 2020 to December 2023 were enrolled in this study from Department of Urology,Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University. All the patients received two courses of BES therapy (30 minutes session every other day, 15 sessions per course). The muscle strength of pelvic floor muscle, as well as the electromyographic values of abdominal muscle and pelvic floor muscle, were detected before the first time treatment and the final treatment, and the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Short Form (ICIQ-SF) was used to evaluate the severity of urinary incontinence before and after treatment. Results All the patients successfully completed two courses of treatment, with a significant increase in the muscle strength of pelvic floor muscle during all the stages of muscle movement, including fast muscle stage, pre-resting stage, post-resting stage, slow muscle stage and endurance stage (P<0.05). The level of the electromyographic values of abdominal muscle after the BES treatment were decreased in the fast muscle stage, slow muscle stage and endurance stage (P<0.05), while the electromyographic values of pelvic floor muscle were increased after treatment (P<0.05). The ICIQ-SF score decreased significantly after treatment in all the patients with different age or urinary incontinence severity(P<0.05). Conclusions The application of BES treatment in the elderly patients with continuous urinary incontinence due to RP is safe and effective. It can enhance the pelvic floor muscle strength and alleviate the urinary incontinence symptoms.
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    PCNE classification system-based pharmaceutical intervention practice for the use of antibiotics in elderly patients from the department of gastroenterology
    FAN Manli, HAN Yi
    2025, 39 (6):  565-569.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2025.06.007
    Abstract ( 23 )   PDF (1071KB) ( 39 )   Save
    Objective To explore the effects of Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe (PCNE) classification system-based pharmaceutical intervention practice for the use of antibiotics in the elderly patients at Department of Gastroenterology. Methods A total of 210 inpatients with digestive system diseases at Department of Gastroenterology from April 2022 to April 2024 were divided into the control group (receiving routine treatment,n=105) and the intervention group(receiving PCNE classification system-based pharmaceutical intervention and routine treatment,n=105) by random number table method. The baseline data, the length of hospital stay and the cure rate of infection were compared between the two groups. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors for cure rate. Results There were no significant differences in the age, gender, type of digestive system disease, and status of infection between the two groups. A total of 110 antibiotics-related drug related problems(DRPs) were found in the intervention group. Each DRP was intervened at both the doctors (n=110) and patients (n=34) level. The acceptance rate of DRPs intervention was 95.14% (137/144). The percentage of DRPs fully resolved was 90.91% (100/110). The length of hospital stay in the intervention group was slightly longer than that in the control group but the difference was not statistically significant [(9.8±7.1) d vs(8.6±5.3) d,P=0.166]. Moreover, the cure rate of infection in the intervention group was higher than that in the control group (94.29% vs 82.86%, P=0.016). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the implementation of PCNE classification-based DRPs intervention was a protective factor for the infection cure rate in the elderly patients with digestive system diseases after adjusting for potential confounding factors (OR=0.828, 95%CI:0.625-0.922, P=0.028). Conclusions PCNE classification system-based pharmaceutical intervention can solve the antibiotics-related DRPs, and enhance the cure rate of infection in the elderly patients at Department of Gastroenterology.
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    Relationship of season and meteorology with sleep quality in elderly patients with late-life depression
    GUO Yu, SUN Yan, KONG Xiaoming, ZHANG Loufeng, GENG Hao, LYU Siwen, XIE Pengyu
    2025, 39 (6):  570-576.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2025.06.008
    Abstract ( 16 )   PDF (1538KB) ( 31 )   Save
    Objective To investigate the sleep characteristics of elderly patients with late-life depression (LLD) in different seasons and meteorological conditions, and to explore the relationship of seasons and meteorology with sleep quality. Methods A total of 183 LLD patients who were hospitalized in Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University from 2019 to 2022 and completed polysomnography (PSG) examination were selected. The general data, clinical information and PSG data of the subjects were collected. Based on the Northern Hemisphere meteorological seasonal division method, the subjects were divided into spring group (March to May), summer group (June to August), autumn group (September to November) and winter group (December to February of the following year). The daily meteorological data of Hefei station was obtained through the National Environmental Information Center (NCEI) of National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Chi-square test was used to compare the general data and the clinical information of subjects in different seasons, and Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare the overall distribution differences of sleep characteristics among different seasons, Bonferroni test was used for multiple comparison test. Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation of the above data, and Hierarchical linear regression models (HLM) was constructed to analyze the relationship between meteorology and sleep quality in LLD patients. Results There were no differences in the general data and clinical information among the four groups. There were significant differences in total sleep time, sleep efficiency and awakening time among the four groups (P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed that time in bed, total sleep time, non-rapid eye movement sleep phase 2(N2) duration and percentage of N2 to total sleep time(N2%) in LLD patients were positively correlated with sunshine intensity, and percentage of non-rapid eye movement sleep phase 1 to total sleep time (N1%) was negatively correlated with sunshine intensity. While time in bed, total sleep time and N2 were negatively correlated with relative humidity, and N2 duration was negatively correlated with precipitation (P<0.05). The results of the HLM showed that sunlight intensity had a positive effect on time in bed in LLD patients (P<0.05). Conclusions The sleep quality of LLD patients is related to season and meteorology. Compared with cold weather, sufficient sunshine and warm weather is conducive to night sleep of LLD patients.
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    Effect of breathing exercise rehabilitation program combined with cognitive training on respiratory function and cognitive function in elderly patients with COPD
    LIU Wenxiu, ZHENG Meijie, LI Wei, CHEN Ziye, MENG Qiong, LI Xian
    2025, 39 (6):  577-581.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2025.06.009
    Abstract ( 17 )   PDF (1066KB) ( 34 )   Save
    Objective To investigate the effects of breathing exercise training combined with cognitive training on the respiratory function and cognitive function in the elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) combined with cognitive disorder. Methods A total of 96 elderly COPD patients presenting with cognitive impairment who were treated at Hebei General Hospital from September 2020 to September 2021 were enrolled in this study. The patients were divided into three groups using the random number table method, including the control group (receiving conventional rehabilitation training, n=32), the breathing exercise group (receiving breathing exercise training and conventional rehabilitation training, n=32), and the combination group (receiving rehabilitation training combined with breathing exercise and cognitive training, n=32). The scores of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and modified Medical Research Council (mMRC), the levels of forced expiratory volume in the first second(FEV1), forced vital capacity(FVC) and 6-min walk distance(6MWD) before and after intervention were compared among the three groups. Results After 4 weeks of intervention, the MoCA score in the breathing exercise group and the combination group was higher than that before intervention and that in the control group (P<0.05), especially in the combination group (P<0.05). The mMRC score in the combined group was significantly decreased after the intervention (P<0.05), and was lower than that in the conventional group (P<0.05), especially in the combination group, followed by the breathing exercise group and the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions Breathing exercise training combined with cognitive training can improve respiratory function, enhance exercise endurance and cognitive function in the elderly COPD patients with cognitive impairment safely and reliably.
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    Clinical outcome of intravenous thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke in patients aged 90 years old and over
    ZHANG Weiwei
    2025, 39 (6):  582-585.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2025.06.010
    Abstract ( 23 )   PDF (1054KB) ( 38 )   Save
    Objective To observe the clinical outcome of intravenous thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke in the patients aged 90 years old and over, and to evaluate the efficacy and safety of intravenous thrombolysis in this population. Methods The clinical data of the patients with acute ischemic stroke aged ≥90 years admitted to Shanghai Jiading District Central Hospital from December 2018 to December 2023 were retrospectively collected. The patients who visited the hospital within 4.5 hours of symptom onset, with a National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score >3 on admission, and a pre-stroke modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score ≤3 were enrolled. The clinical outcome of the patients were recorded, including outcome 90 d after onset, in-hospital mortality, the incidence of hemorrhagic transformation, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage and pulmonary infection. The clinical data were compared between thrombolysis group and non-thrombolysis group. Results A total of 52 patients with a median age of 91 years were enrolled. Among them, there were 37 females (71.2%) and 15 males (28.8%), and the median NIHSS score at onset was 13 (8,20). In this study, 27 patients received intravenous thrombolysis. There were no significant differences in risk factors for stroke, previous history, NIHSS score at onset, pre-stroke mRS score, and TOAST classification between thrombolysis group and non-thrombolysis group. There was significant difference in the proportion of good outcomes between the two groups (33.3% vs 8.0%, P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the incidence rates of hemorrhagic transformation, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage, pulmonary infection and in-hospital mortality between the two groups. Conclusions Intravenous thrombolysis can increase the proportion of good outcomes in the patients with acute ischemic stroke aged 90 years old and over, and it is safe without increasing the risk of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage. Therefore, intravenous thrombolysis should not be denied to this population based on age alone.
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    Early efficacy of percutaneous endoscopic posterior lumbar interbody fusion in the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases in the elderly
    ZHANG Pei, SONG Peng, LIU Jun
    2025, 39 (6):  586-590.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2025.06.011
    Abstract ( 15 )   PDF (3485KB) ( 35 )   Save
    Objective To investigate the early clinical outcomes of percutaneous single-axis full-endoscopic posterior lumbar interbody fusion (Endo-PLIF) in the treatment of lumbar degenerative disease in the elderly. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 40 patients who underwent Endo-PLIF in Spinal Center of Zhongda Hospital Southeast University from May 2021 to May 2022. The data including operative time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative hospital stay, and the incidence of complications were collected. The lumbar function was evaluated using Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) before operation and 1, 6, and 12 months after operation. Visual Analog Scale (VAS) was used to evaluate the pain at the lumbar region and leg. The cross-sectional area of the spinal canal at the surgical segment was measured using CT scans before operation and 12 months after operation. Lumbar disc height was measured using X-ray films before operation, immediately after operation, and 1, 6, and 12 months after operation. The bony fusion of the intervertebral space was assessed 12 months after operation. Results All patients successfully underwent the surgery. The operative time was 223.1±37.4 minutes, and the intraoperative blood loss was 83.3±28.9 mL, and the postoperative hospital stay was 6.3±1.4 d. The scores of VAS at the lumbar region and leg and ODI 1, 6, and 12 months after surgery were significantly lower than those before surgery (P<0.05). The cross-sectional area of the spinal canal significantly increased postoperatively (P<0.05). Lumbar disc height was significantly higher at all follow-up time points than that before surgery (P<0.05), and remained stable without significant collapse. The intervertebral fusion rate was 95% 12 months after operation. Conclusions Endo-PLIF is minimally invasive and associated with rapid recovery. It is a safe and reliable treatment for lumbar degenerative disease in the elderly, with satisfactory early clinical outcomes.
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    Comparison of efficacy between T-tube drainage and primary closure of common bile duct following LC+LCBDE in the elderly patients aged ≥80 years
    ZHANG Qian, LIU Mingming, MA Ning
    2025, 39 (6):  591-594.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2025.06.012
    Abstract ( 13 )   PDF (1097KB) ( 34 )   Save
    Objective To investigate the difference in efficacy between primary closure and T-tube drainage following laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) with laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCBDE) in the treatment of gallbladder stones combined with common bile duct stones in the elderly patients aged≥80 years. Methods The clinical data of 68 patients aged≥80 years undergoing LC+LCBDE from January 2017 to December 2023 at Nanjing First Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. According to the common bile duct suture method, the patients were divided into primary closure group (33 cases) and T-tube drainage group (35 cases). The baseline data, postoperative recovery, postoperative complications and the levels of laboratory indexes were compared between the two groups. Results There was no significant difference in baseline data, postoperative gastrointestinal function recovery time and incidence of complications (abdominal infection, bile leakage, puncture infection, bleeding, jaundice) between the two groups (P>0.05).The operative time and postoperative hospital stay in the primary closure group were shorter than those in the T-tube drainage group (P<0.05).There were no significant differences in the levels of white blood cell count, C-reactive protein, interleukin-6,aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and total bilirubin between the two groups before surgery, the first day and the fifth day after surgery (P>0.05). Conclusions Under strict indications, primary closure of common bile duct after LC+LCBDE in the elderly patients aged ≥80 years will not increase the risk of postoperative complications, which conforms to the concept of rapid rehabilitation, has a high economic application value, and is worthy of promotion.
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    Relationship of serum lncRNA NEAT1 and SIRT2 levels with the condition and prognosis of elderly patients with acute ischemic stroke
    LU Shuang, WANG Jie, SUN Miao, LIU Yongping, ZHANG Kaili, LIAO Pengbin
    2025, 39 (6):  595-600.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2025.06.013
    Abstract ( 17 )   PDF (1097KB) ( 37 )   Save
    Objective To investigate the relationship of serum long non-coding RNA nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (lncRNA NEAT1) and silent information regulator factor 2 (SIRT2) with the condition and prognosis of the elderly patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Methods A total of 163 elderly AIS patients (AIS group) admitted to Xi’an International Medical Center Hospital from January 2021 to September 2023 and 82 healthy elderly people (control group) undergoing physical examination during the same period were enrolled in this study. The elderly patients with AIS were divided into mild AIS group (32 cases), moderate AIS group (45 cases), moderate-severe AIS group (30 cases), and severe AIS group (56 cases), and were divided into poor prognosis group (52 cases) and good prognosis group (111 cases) according to the 6-month prognosis. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to detect the serum levels of lncRNA NEAT1 and SIRT2, respectively. Spearman’s correlation was used to analyze the correlation of serum levels of lncRNA NEAT1 and SIRT2 with National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the risk factors for prognosis of the elderly patients with AIS. Results Compared with the control group, the serum levels of lncRNA NEAT1 and SIRT2 were higher in the AIS group (P<0.01). As the disease gradually worsened, the serum levels of lncRNA NEAT1 and SIRT 2 gradually increased in the elderly AIS patients (all P<0.05); Spearman’s correlation showed that the serum levels of lncRNA NEAT1 and SIRT2 were positively correlated with NIHSS scores in the elderly AIS patients (r=0.775, 0.743, P<0.01).The independent risk factors for poor prognosis in the elderly AIS patients were increased infarct volume, increased NIHSS score, elevated levels of lncRNA NEAT1 and SIRT2 (all P<0.05). Conclusions Elevated serum lncRNA NEAT1 and SIRT2 levels are closely associated with exacerbation and poor prognosis in the elderly AIS patients.
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    Reliability and validity of Chinese version of Neuropsychological Vertigo Inventory
    ZHANG Jing, LIU Jianjian, GUO Nan, JIA Xin, GUO Chenfang, LI Fang
    2025, 39 (6):  601-605.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2025.06.014
    Abstract ( 17 )   PDF (1111KB) ( 32 )   Save
    Objective To Chinesize Neuropsychological Vertigo Inventory(NVI) and test its reliability and validity. Methods NVI scale was translated into Chinese by cross-cultural translation method, and the principles of Brislin translation, back-translation and cross-cultural adjustment were strictly followed to form Chinese version of NVI scale. The patients aged 60 years and over with complaint of dizziness or vertigo admitted to Department of Neurology, Fuxing Hospital, Capital Medical University were enrolled in this study by convenience sampling method, and received the evaluation of Chinese version of NVI. The reliability and validity of Chinese version of NVI was tested. Results A total of 150 patients completed evaluation of the Chinese version of NVI. Chinese version of NVI contained 28 items, involving seven dimensions such as spatial perception, time perception, attention, memory, emotion, vision and movement. The Cronbach’ s α coefficient of the total scale was 0.868, and the Cronbach’s α coefficient of each dimension was 0.629-0.806. The retest reliability of the total scale was 0.752, and the retest reliability of each dimension was 0.516-0.726. A total of 7 common factors were extracted from exploratory factor analysis, and the cumulative contribution rate was 60.465%. Conclusions Chinese version of NVI has good reliability and validity, and is suitable for the majority of Chinese aged patients with dizziness. It can detect emotional and cognitive comorbidities quickly and effectively, and provide a favorable clinical assessment tool for comprehensive assessment and management of patients with dizziness.
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    Analysis of health-related quality of life in elderly people with diabetes during and after COVID-19 pandemic in Nanjing
    YANG Bin, YE Qing, DENG Tianrui, XU Yunting, XU Huiqing, AO Guofeng, TANG Wei, XU Fei
    2025, 39 (6):  606-610.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2025.06.015
    Abstract ( 13 )   PDF (1065KB) ( 37 )   Save
    Objective To investigate the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in the elderly with diabetes during and after COVID-19 pandemic in Nanjing, China. Methods In 2021 (during COVID-19 pandemic) and 2023 (after COVID-19 pandemic), independent cross-sectional surveys were conducted in the elderly people in 4 districts in Nanjing, China. Short-Form 12 Health Survey (SF-12) was used to assess physical component summary (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS) of HRQoL. Multi-factor analysis of variance approach was applied to analyze the differences in PCS and MCS between the participants with diabetes and without diabetes, during COVID-19 pandemic and after COVID-19 pandemic. Results Among the total 19 031 participants, 17.7%(1 692/9 542) presented with diabetes in 2021, compared with 16.8% (1 590/9 489) in 2023. The PCS score during COVID-19 pandemic was significantly lower than that after the pandemic (51.74±7.71 vs 52.55±7.22), while MCS showed no significant difference(P>0.05).In people with normal blood glucose, PCS score was significantly higher after COVID-19 pandemic than that during the COVID-19 pandemic, MCS showed no significant differences whether in people with normal blood glucose or abnormal. Conclusions The PCS score in diabetic patients is lower than that in people with normal blood sugar whose HRQoL after COVID-19 pandemic increased significantly.
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    Characteristics of gut and plaque microbiota in the elderly with lower limb arteriosclerosis obliterans
    ZHANG Youjia, XIE Hai, RAN Feng
    2025, 39 (6):  611-616.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2025.06.016
    Abstract ( 13 )   PDF (1997KB) ( 39 )   Save
    Objective To investigate the characteristics of microbiota at gut and plaque in the elderly patients with lower limb arteriosclerosis obliterans(ASO), and to analyze the correlation of microbiota with clinical biomarkers. Methods A total of 5 elderly patients with ASO undergoing lower limb plaque atherectomy (ASO group) and 8 healthy elderly (control group) were enrolled in this study. The stool of ASO group and control group, the plaque of ASO patients (ASD-p group), and blood samples were collected, and the microbial composition was assessed using 16S rRNA sequencing. The difference in microbiota among the groups and the correlation of microbiota with clinical biomarkers were analyzed. Results Alpha diversity did not differ significantly among the three groups, but beta diversity analysis revealed significant differences in microbial composition (P=0.039). The predominant phyla were Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria in the groups, and Halobacterota and Chloroflexi were uniquely detected in plaque samples. At the genus level, the gut microbiota in ASO group exhibited elevated levels of Bacteroides and Veillonella, reduced level of Faecalibacterium, while plaque samples showed increased levels of Lachnospira and Enterobacter, decreased level of Roseburia. LEfSe analysis identified characteristic gut taxa in ASO patients, potentially including Tannerellaceae and Sutterella wadsworthensis, whereas plaque microbiota were dominated by Actinobacteria, Bacteroides fragilis, and Dialister invisus. PICRUSt2 predictions demonstrated 32 significantly altered Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) metabolic pathways in plaque microbiota. Correlation analyses showed that in the gut microbiota, Oscillibacter, Parabacteroides and UCG_003 was negatively correlated with Apolipoprotein AI (Apo-AI) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Actinomyces was positively correlated with interleukin (IL)-8, Holdemania was negatively correlated with Apo-AI and IL-4, Streptococcus was negatively correlated with IL-8. Moreover, Anaerococcus and TM7x were positively correlated with HDL-C and negatively correlated with triglyceride (TG), while Erysipelatoclostridium was positively correlated with IL-8, IL-10, white blood cell(WBC), absolute neutrophil count (ANC) and absolute monocyte count (AMC). In the plaque microbiota, Pseudarthrobacter was significantly positively correlated with alkaline phosphatase (ALP); Conversely, Parabacteroides was negatively correlated with ALP. Bacillus was positively correlated with uric acid (UA) and negatively correlated with HDL-C. Pseudomonas was negatively correlated with IL-10, WBC, and ANC. Ruminococcus was positively correlated with IL-8 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ). Conclusions This study reveals significant differences in the composition of gut and plaque microbiota in the elderly patients with ASO, with specific taxa showing close correlations with inflammatory and plaque-related biomarkers. These findings suggest that the microbiota may play a critical role in the pathogenesis and progression of ASO.
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    Research progress on the cardioprotective effect of SGLT2 inhibitors through Na+/H+ exchanger
    ZHANG Xinlu, HE Huiwei
    2025, 39 (6):  617-620.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2025.06.017
    Abstract ( 18 )   PDF (1095KB) ( 35 )   Save
    As research on sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors deepens and clinical benefits become evident, SGLT2 inhibitors have been gradually included in guidelines for heart failure management, although their mechanisms of cardioprotective effect remain not fully understood. The Na+/H+ exchanger (NHE) plays a crucial role in the cardioprotective effects of SGLT2 inhibitors, and NHE has also become an important target for drug intervention in cardiac hypertrophy and myocardial ischemia-reperfusion. This article reviews the role of NHE in cardiovascular function and its mechanism in the cardioprotective effects of SGLT2 inhibitors.
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    Advances in artificial intelligence for cardiovascular disease in the elderly
    ZHU Xiangyu, HANG Lejia, WANG Yu, WU Yuyi, ZHAO Yijing, ZHU Bei, HUANG Jingjing
    2025, 39 (6):  621-625.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2025.06.018
    Abstract ( 12 )   PDF (1063KB) ( 42 )   Save
    The prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the elderly has been increasing year by year, becoming a leading cause of death among both urban and rural residents, placing enormous pressure on the public health system. Artificial intelligence (AI) technology has shown immense potential in the diagnosis, treatment, and management of CVD. Through machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) techniques, AI can effectively analyze complex datasets, driving progress in areas such as electrocardiogram analysis, imaging diagnostics, and facial feature analysis, helping to accurately predict disease risk and assess CVD prognosis. This study reviews the current status and research progress of AI applications in geriatric cardiovascular diseases, exploring its potential in the diagnosis, risk assessment, and disease monitoring of CVD in the elderly. In the future, AI technology will provide stronger support for the early screening, precise treatment, and personalized management of CVD in the elderly as it continues to overcome challenges.
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    Research progress of Hippo pathway in regulating the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells based on osteo-sarcopenia
    GAO Di, CHEN Renchang, LIANG Songlin, WANG Chenmoji, LI Nianhu
    2025, 39 (6):  626-630.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2025.06.019
    Abstract ( 8 )   PDF (1055KB) ( 31 )   Save
    Hippo signaling pathway plays an important role in the regulation of cell and tissue growth. Hippo signaling pathway regulates certain cell lineage-specific transcription factors through its downstream transcriptional effectors of Yes-associated protein (YAP) and WW domain-containing transcriptional regulator (TAZ). Thus, it affects the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into osteogenic, adipogenic and myogenic directions. The basic pathology of osteo-sarcopenia (OS) is lipotoxicity mediated by fatty infiltration of muscle and bone, which in turn leads to decreased muscle strength and increased risk of fracture. It can be seen that the occurrence of OS is closely related to bone, skeletal muscle and fat. This article analyzes and reviews the pathways of different effectors in Hippo signaling pathway for the differentiation of MSCs into osteogenic, adipogenic and myogenic directions, in order to understand the function of Hippo signaling pathway and provide theoretical reference for the clinical treatment of OS.
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    Advances in the study of enzymatic protein glycosylation in Alzheimer’s disease
    GU Xingyue, GAO Wei, LU Xiang
    2025, 39 (6):  631-635.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2025.06.020
    Abstract ( 9 )   PDF (1058KB) ( 31 )   Save
    Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a decline in cognitive function and self-care ability, often accompanied by mental and behavioral abnormalities. The incidence of AD increases with age. Enzymatic protein glycosylation, a critical post-translational modification, plays a significant role in the development of AD, and N-linked glycosylation and O-linked glycosylation are closely associated with the development of AD. This review provides insights into the underlying pathogenesis, as well as to explore potential early diagnostic approaches and novel therapeutic strategies.
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    Application of a clinical decision support system based on early warning scores in preoperative nursing care for elderly patients with acute aortic dissection
    YANG Guang, CHEN Yuhong, FENG Ping, LI Xihan, LI Ge
    2025, 39 (6):  636-640.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2025.06.021
    Abstract ( 16 )   PDF (1063KB) ( 33 )   Save
    Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of a clinical decision support system (CDSS) based on early warning scores in optimizing preoperative nursing care for the elderly patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods A preoperative nursing CDSS for AAD was developed, featuring modules including monitoring and assessment, risk warning, and decision support. The incidence of AAD deterioration during the preoperative waiting period, target achievement rates of heart rate, blood pressure, analgesia and sedation were recorded and compared before and after system implementation. Additionally, ICU nurses’ evaluation of the system’s effectiveness was collected and analyzed. Results After the implementation of the CDSS, the incidence rate of disease deterioration events during the preoperative waiting period was significantly decreased(P<0.05), and the target achievement rates of heart rate, blood pressure, and analgesia and sedation showed significant improvement (P<0.05). The score of the effectiveness of the system evaluated by ICU nurses was 96.84±6.36. Conclusions The CDSS based on early warning scores effectively helps the nurses identify potential risks in elderly AAD patients and provides scientific support for decision-making. The implementation of this system significantly enhances the patients’ safety during the preoperative waiting period.
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