老年亚急性咳嗽病人辅助性T细胞亚群分布特征及其与气道高反应性的相关性分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2024.10.020

Abstract

Abstract: Objective To investigate the distribution characteristics of helper T lymphocyte subsets in the elderly patients with subacute cough and the correlation with airway hyperresponsiveness. Methods A total of 201 elderly patients with subacute cough treated in the General Hospital of Western Theater Command PLA from June 2021 to June 2023 were enrolled in this study. According to the grade of airway hyperresponsiveness, the patients were divided into mild airway hyperresponsiveness group (n=94) and severe airway hyperresponsiveness group (n=107). The general data and biochemical data of the two groups were compared. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors for the degree of airway hyperresponsiveness in the elderly patients with subacute cough. Generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs) was used to analyze the relationships between the levels of T helper cell subsets and the degree of airway hyperresponsiveness in the elderly patients with subacute cough. Results There were significant differences in age, gender, laryngeal pruritis, recurrent respiratory tract infection, rhinitis, tracheal foreign body, CD3⁺, CD4⁺ and CD8⁺T lymphocytes, forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC, interleukin-25 (IL-25), IL-33 and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) between the two groups (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that recurrent respiratory infections, decreased levels of CD3⁺ and CD4⁺ T lymphocytes, and increased levels of CD8⁺ T lymphocytes, FEV1, IL-25, IL-33, and FENO were the risk factors for severe airway hyperreactivity hyperresponsiveness in the elderly patients with subacute cough (P<0.05). GLMMs analysis showed that the lower levels of CD3⁺ and CD4⁺ T lymphocytes and the higher levels of CD8⁺ T lymphocytes, the greater risk of aircoay hyperresponsiveness in the elderly patients with subacute couth(P<0.01). Conclusions The levels of peripheral blood CD3⁺ and CD4⁺ T lymphocytes are lower and the level of CD8⁺ T lymphocytes is higher in the patients with severe airway hyperresponsiveness than those in the patients with mild airway hyperresponsiveness, and the levels of CD3⁺, CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T lymphocytes are correlated with the degree of airway hyperresponsiveness in the elderly patients with subacute cough.

Key words: subacute cough, aged, airway hyperresponsiveness, helper T lymphocytes, correlation analysis

CLC Number:

R 441.5

HE Huiqiong, WU Xi, ZHANG Yijie, CHEN Zhenmin, TANG Xiaojuan. Distribution characteristics of helper T cell subsets and its correlation with airway hyperrespon-siveness in elderly patients with subacute cough[J]. Practical Geriatrics, 2024, 38(10): 1059-1063.

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Distribution characteristics of helper T cell subsets and its correlation with airway hyperrespon-siveness in elderly patients with subacute cough

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