Abstract: Objective To investigate the risk factors of nosocomial pulmonary infection during chemotherapy for lung cancer in the elderly. Methods A total of 98 patients who presented with nosocomial pulmonary infection during chemotherapy in the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of the Affiliated Suqian Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from July 2016 to December 2019 were selected as the case group, and 98 patients treated with the same number of chemotherapy cycles who did not suffer from pulmonary infection were adopted as the control group. The age, gender, pathological type and other factors were compared between the case group and the control group, and the risk factors of nosocomial pulmonary infection during chemotherapy were analyzed. Results Univariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age ≥70 years old, complicated with underlying diseases, colonization of pathogenic bacteria in airway, small cell lung cancer, lung cancer at stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ, posterior chemotherapy, combined with radiotherapy, neutropenia and infection in other sites were associated with nosocomial pulmonary infection during chemotherapy(P<0.05). Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that age ≥70 years, colonization of pathogenic bacteria in airway, small cell lung cancer, combined with radiotherapy and neutropenia were the independent risk factors for nosocomial pulmonary infection during chemotherapy in the elderly patients with lung cancer (P<0.05). Conclusions The incidence of nosocomial pulmonary infection during chemotherapy in the elderly patients with lung cancer is high, and there are many risk factors. Therefore, active measures should be taken to strengthen the prevention of relevant risk factors.

Key words: aged, lung cancer, chemotherapy, pulmonary infection, risk factors