老年卒中后吞咽障碍病人自我管理能力、吞咽训练依从性、心理负担与营养不良的相关性研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2025.01.010

Abstract

Abstract: Objective To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of malnutrition in the elderly patients with post-stroke dysphagia (PSD), and to provide effective reference for nutritional intervention. Methods A total of 102 elderly PSD patients admitted to Beijing Friendship Hospital from January 2022 to June 2023 were selected and divided into malnutrition group (n=54) and non-malnutrition group (n=48) based on whether they presented with malnutrition after PSD. The self-made general information questionnaire, activities of daily living (ADL) scale, exercise of self-care agency scale (ESCA), self-made swallowing training compliance scale, self-perceived burden scale (SPBS) were used to analyze the basic information, ADL, swallowing training compliance, self-management ability and psychological burden.The influencing factors of malnutrition in the elderly PSD patients were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression model, and a prediction model of malnutrition was constructed. Results The incidence rate of malnutrition was 52.94% (54/102) in the PSD patients. There were statistically significant differences in age, SPBS score, ADL score, history of stroke, swallowing training compliance score, ESCA score, eating habits and the incidence of other complications between the two groups (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that age(OR=2.565, 95%CI: 1.394－4.719), swallowing training compliance score (OR=0.830, 95%CI: 0.715－0.964), SPBS score (OR=1.283, 95%CI: 1.022－1.610), ESCA score (OR=0.839, 95%CI: 0.748－0.942) and other complications (OR=3.080, 95%CI: 1.270－7.470) were the influencing factors of malnutrition in the elderly PSD patients.The area under the receiver operator characteristic curve of the Logistic regression model in predicting malnutrition was 0.946. Conclusions The prevalence of malnutrition in the elderly PSD patients is high, and age, self-management ability, psychological burden, swallowing training compliance and complications are the influencing factors of malnutrition in the elderly PSD patients, and the prediction model based on Logistic regression has certain predictive value for the occurrence of malnutrition in the elderly PSD patients.

Key words: stroke, dysphagia, self-management ability, swallowing training compliance, malnutrition

CLC Number:

ZHAO Tianxue, NIE Tingting, ZHAO Leyan. Correlation of self-management ability, swallowing training compliance, psychological burden with malnutrition in elderly patients with post-stroke dysphagia[J]. Practical Geriatrics, 2025, 39(1): 41-45.

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Correlation of self-management ability, swallowing training compliance, psychological burden with malnutrition in elderly patients with post-stroke dysphagia

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