老年糖尿病病人口腔衰弱现况调查及影响因素分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2025.07.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的调查老年糖尿病病人口腔衰弱现状,并分析影响因素。方法采用便利抽样法选取2023年10月至2024年5月盐城市第三人民医院就诊的232例2型糖尿病病人为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、口腔衰弱指数-8、老年人口腔健康相关自我效能量表、广泛性焦虑障碍量表、简版老年抑郁量表进行调查评估。应用多因素logistic回归分析影响老年糖尿病病人口腔衰弱的因素。结果所有病人的中位口腔衰弱指数-8得分为4(2,7)分,口腔衰弱低风险52例(22.41%),中等风险59例(25.43%),高风险121例(52.16%)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,年龄＞75岁、糖尿病病程＞5年、焦虑是口腔衰弱高风险的危险因素(P＜0.05),文化程度高、家庭人均月收入高及口腔健康自我效能水平高是口腔衰弱高风险的保护因素(P＜0.05)。结论老年糖尿病病人口腔衰弱高风险发生率为52.16%,年龄、糖尿病病程、焦虑、文化程度、收入及口腔健康自我效能是其主要影响因素。

关键词: 糖尿病, 老年人, 口腔衰弱, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of oral frailty in the elderly patients with diabetes. Methods A total of 232 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus admitted to Yancheng Third People’s Hospital from October 2023 to May 2024 were enrolled in this study by convenient sampling method. The general data questionnaire, Oral Frailty Index-8(OFI-8), Elderly Oral Health-Related Self-Efficacy Scale, Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale, Simple Version of Geriatric Depression Scale were evaluated in the patients. Results The median OFI-8 score of all the patients was 4 (2,7). There were 52 cases (22.41 %) with low risk of oral frailty, 59 cases (25.43%) with moderate risk, and 121 cases (52.16 %) with high risk. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that aged >75 years old, duration of diabetes >5 years and anxiety were risk factors (P<0.05), and higher education level, higher monthly income per capita and higher oral health self-efficacy were protective factors for high risk of oral frailty in the elderly patients with diabetes (P<0.05). Conclusions The incidence rate of high risk of oral frailty in elderly diabetic patients is 52.16 %. Age, course of diabetes, anxiety, education level, income and oral health self-efficacy are the main influencing factors for oral frailty.

Key words: diabetes, aged, oral frailty, influencing factor

中图分类号:

R587.1

裔华, 吴进, 陈晓艳, 洪克霞, 陈志朋. 老年糖尿病病人口腔衰弱现况调查及影响因素分析[J]. 实用老年医学, 2025, 39(7): 723-726.

YI Hua, WU Jin, CHEN Xiaoyan, HONG Kexia, CHEN Zhipeng. Analysis of prevalence and influencing factors of oral frailty in elderly patients with diabetes[J]. Practical Geriatrics, 2025, 39(7): 723-726.

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