NLRP3炎症小体参与骨稳态调节的研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2026.02.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 核苷酸结合寡聚化结构域样受体蛋白3(NLRP3)炎症小体是先天免疫系统的重要效应复合体,近年来被认为在骨稳态调控中发挥关键作用。骨稳态依赖破骨与成骨过程的精细协调,骨稳态失衡是骨质疏松等代谢性骨病的重要发病基础。本文聚焦NLRP3炎症小体的结构特征与激活机制,系统梳理其在破骨细胞、成骨细胞及其他骨相关细胞(如软骨细胞、骨髓间充质干细胞和巨噬细胞)中的功能作用。此外,本文还探讨了其作为骨代谢性疾病潜在干预靶点的研究进展与挑战。深入理解NLRP3炎症小体在骨稳态中的调控机制,有望为骨质疏松等疾病的防治提供新的理论依据与靶向策略。

关键词: NLRP3炎症小体, 骨稳态, 骨吸收, 骨形成, 骨骼系统疾病

Abstract: Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a crucial effector complex of the innate immune system and has recently been recognized as playing a key role in regulating bone homeostasis. Bone homeostasis relies on the delicate coordination of osteoclastic and osteoblastic processes, and its imbalance constitutes a major pathophysiological basis for metabolic bone diseases such as osteoporosis. This review focuses on the structural features and activation mechanisms of the NLRP3 inflammasome, systematically examining its functional roles in osteoclasts, osteoblasts, and other bone-associated cells, such as chondrocytes, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, and macrophages. Furthermore, this paper explores research progress and challenges regarding its potential as a therapeutic target for metabolic bone disorders. Deepening our understanding of NLRP3 inflammasome regulation in bone homeostasis may provide novel theoretical foundations and targeted strategies for preventing and treating diseases like osteoporosis.

Key words: NLRP3 inflammasome, bone homeostasis, bone resorption, bone formation, skeletal diseases

中图分类号:

R 589

刘彦伶, 周萍. NLRP3炎症小体参与骨稳态调节的研究进展[J]. 实用老年医学, 2026, 40(2): 191-195.

LIU Yanling, ZHOU Ping. Research progress on the role of NLRP3 inflammasome in bone homeostasis regulation[J]. Practical Geriatrics, 2026, 40(2): 191-195.

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