养老机构老年人认知功能与能力相关性分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2025.04.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的调查养老机构老年人的认知功能和能力,分析两者的相关性。方法研究共计纳入2023年4—6月在镇江市养老机构居住的593名老年人。采用MMSE评估认知功能,采用老年人能力评估表(GB/T42195-2022)评估老年人能力。比较不同程度认知功能障碍老年人间的能力状况。采用Spearman检验分析认知功能与老年人能力的相关性。结果 593名老年人的MMSE量表平均得分为(14.69±10.44)分,MMSE得分≤24分者452例(76.2%)。老年人能力评估合计平均得分为(50.30±27.28)分,其中能力完好老年人仅17例(2.9%)。轻度认知功能障碍组与正常认知功能组的老年人能力差异没有统计学意义,重度认知功能障碍组和中度认知功能障碍组老年人能力较轻度认知功能障碍组与正常认知功能组显著下降。认知功能和老年人能力之间呈正相关性(r=0.724,P＜0.001)。结论养老机构老年人认知功能障碍问题突出,当老年人存在认知功能障碍,特别是重度认知功能障碍时,老年人能力下降明显。

关键词: 认知功能障碍, 老年人能力评估, 养老机构

Abstract: Objective To investigate the cognitive function and the ability of the elderly in nursing institutions, and to analyze the correlation between cognitive function and ability. Methods A total of 593 elderly people living in nursing institution were enrolled in this study.The cognitive function was evaluated with Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE), and the ability of the elderly was assessed using the elderly Ability Assessment Scale(GB/T42195-2022). The ability of the elderly with different severity degrees of cognitive impairment were compared. Spearman correlation analysis was used to test the correlation between cognitive function and ability. Results The average score of MMSE was 14.69±10.44. There were 452 cases (76.2%) with MMSE score ≤24. The total average score of ability assessment in the elderly was 50.30±27.28, and only 17 cases (2.9%) presented with good ability. There was no significant difference in the ability between mild cognitive impairment group and normal cognitive function group, while the ability in severe cognitive impairment group and moderate cognitive impairment group was significantly lower than that in the other groups. There was a positive correlation between ability and cognitive function(r=0.724,P＜0.01). Conclusions The cognitive impairment of the elderly in nursing institution is prominent. When the elderly have cognitive impairment, especially severe cognitive dysfunction, the ability of the elderly decreases significantly.

Key words: cognitive impairment, elderly ability assessment, nursing institution

中图分类号:

R 749.1

赖书苑, 于淑萍, 严丽荣, 桂祈亮, 陈凤. 养老机构老年人认知功能与能力相关性分析[J]. 实用老年医学, 2025, 39(4): 377-381.

LAI Shuyuan, YU Shuping, YAN Lirong, GUI Qiliang, CHEN Feng. Correlation between cognitive impairment and ability of the elderly in nursing institution[J]. Practical Geriatrics, 2025, 39(4): 377-381.

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