Table of Content

20 September 2025, Volume 39 Issue 9 Previous Issue   

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Advances in the treatment of deep vein thrombosis in the elderly WANG Meijuan, JIANG Xuezhong, WANG Yi 2025, 39 (9):  865-870.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2025.09.001 Abstract ( 11 )   PDF (1181KB) ( 11 )   Save With the escalation of population aging, the incidence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in elderly patients has significantly increased, emerging as a public health issue that seriously threatens the health and life of the elderly. This paper explores the epidemiological characteristics, high-risk factors and diagnostic processes, and expounds on the applicable scenarios, drug selection, and precautions of different treatment methods, including anticoagulant therapy, thrombolytic therapy, endovascular treatment, and compression therapy. It is emphasized that during the treatment process, the physiological characteristics, comorbidities, and drug interactions of elderly patients should be comprehensively considered to formulate individualized treatment plans, so as to improve treatment efficacy, reduce the incidence of complications, and enhance the quality of life and prognosis of elderly patients. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Advances in imaging diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis in the elderly ZHANG Yidan, YANG Jian, LIU Jiao, LI Xia, GONG Li, YAO Jing 2025, 39 (9):  871-875.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2025.09.002 Abstract ( 10 )   PDF (1164KB) ( 11 )   Save With global population aging, the incidence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in elderly populations is steadily increasing, posing significant challenges for early diagnosis and carrying a risk of potentially fatal pulmonary embolism (PE). Recently, diagnostic imaging techniques have shifted from traditional invasive venography to safer, more convenient non-invasive methods, including ultrasound, computed tomography venography (CTV), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Ultrasound, with its rapid, economical, and bedside applicability, has become a key initial screening modality. CTV is particularly suited for complex, deep-seated cases and enables integrated evaluation of both DVT and PE in a single examination. MRI, distinguished by superior soft-tissue contrast, shows significant advantages in diagnosing deep venous lesions and evaluating thrombus characteristics. Additionally, emerging technologies such as molecular imaging and artificial intelligence continue to advance, with promising future prospects for broad application in the clinical management of DVT in elderly patients. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on ovarian vein thrombosis WANG Dongmei, WANG Jun 2025, 39 (9):  876-878.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2025.09.003 Abstract ( 7 )   PDF (1093KB) ( 9 )   Save Ovarian vein thrombosis (OVT) is an insidious condition with nonspecific clinical manifestations, making diagnosis challenging and highlighting its status as an underrecognized disease. Early detection and treatment of OVT can prevent extension of the thrombus into the inferior vena cava and renal veins, thereby reducing the incidence of complications such as pulmonary embolism. This article reviews the advances in the epidemiology, risk factors, clinical presentation, diagnosis, management, and treatment of OVT, with the aim of improving clinical awareness of this condition. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Advances in the epidemiology and risk factors of deep venous thrombosis in the elderly DU Haiwen, ZHANG Yidan, LI Xia, LIU Jiao, WEI Shuping 2025, 39 (9):  879-882.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2025.09.004 Abstract ( 9 )   PDF (1136KB) ( 9 )   Save Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is a common and potentially threatening disease, particularly in older people. Risk factors for DVT are complex and diverse, including age-related changes in vascular conditions and coagulation function, as well as a variety of chronic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, kidney disease, and malignancy, all of which significantly increase the likelihood of developing DVT. In addition, due to the aging of the body, the elderly have reduced mobility, if combined with stroke, neurocognitive dysfunction and fracture, with limited activities, long-term sitting or bed and lack of exercise, resulting in DVT due to slow venous flow of the lower limbs, blood stasis. This article reviews and summarizes the epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of DVT in elderly patients, which is helpful for formulating more appropriate treatment plans and preventive measures to protect the life and health of the elderly. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of acupuncture on the abundance of Lactobacillus reuteri and expression of related inflammatory factors in ovariectomy model rats ZHANG Chuqiong, OUYANG Gang, JIANG Jinfeng 2025, 39 (9):  883-887.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2025.09.005 Abstract ( 6 )   PDF (1169KB) ( 10 )   Save Objective To observe the changes in the abundance of Lactobacillus reuteri in ovariectomy model rats under the intervention of electroacupuncture, and to explore the possible mechanism of acupuncture in preventing and treating postmenopausal osteoporosis from the perspective of the involvement of Lactobacillus reuteri in regulating bone health. Methods Thirty 3-month-old female SD clean rats were selected and randomly divided into 5 groups, which were blank group, sham-operation group, model group, fixation group, and electroacupuncture group, with 6 rats in each group. The rats in model group, fixation group, and electroacupuncture group received bilateral ovary removal. Fixation group was fed with antibiotics for two weeks, and then Lactobacillus reuteri was added in sterile water and fed for three times per week. Electroacupuncture group received electroacupuncture at the following acupoints: (1) Guanyuan(CV4) + Sanyinjiao(SP6); (2) Shenshu(BL23) + Housanli(ST36), and the acupoints of the two groups were alternated, and electroacupuncture stimulation was performed for 20 min each time, once a day, 5 d per week for a total of 12 weeks. Blank group, sham-operation group and model group only received routine rearing without any special treatments. After 12 weeks, the rats were put to death, and the bone mineral densities (BMDs) of right tibia and femur were determined uniformly by bone densitometer, and the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6 were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) protein in bone homogenate was detected by Western blot, and the structural changes of intestinal flora in the feces of rats were detected by real time quantative polymerase chain reaction. Results Compared with the model group, the BMDs of tibia and femur were significantly increased (P<0.05), the levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and RANKL protein were significantly decreased, and the abundance of Lactobacillus reuteri showed a significant enrichment (P<0.05) in the colonization group and the electroacupuncture group. Conclusions Electroacupuncture intervention can increase the BMD of ovariectomy model rats, down-regulate the expression levels of serum TNF-α, IL-6 and RANKL proteins, and regulate the abundance of Lactobacillus reuteri in the intestinal tract of ovariectomy model rats. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the expression of ANLN in tissues of elderly patients with pancreatic cancer and its mechanism of action on pancreatic cancer cells QIAN Jing, YAN Xiaodi, SHEN Chaoyan, YAO Ninghua, SHI Yu, BIAN Yinzhu 2025, 39 (9):  888-893.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2025.09.006 Abstract ( 6 )   PDF (2748KB) ( 10 )   Save Objective To study the expression of ANLN in tissues of elderly patients with pancreatic cancer and its mechanism of action on pancreatic cancer cells by regulating Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Methods Tissue specimens were collected from 86 elderly patients with pancreatic cancer.The expression levels of ANLN, Akt and mTOR mRNA in the pancreatic cancer tissues, normal tissues and cells (HPDE6-C7, HS-766 T, PANC-1, SW1990 and BxPC-3) were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). SW1990 cells were divided into blank group, NC siRNA group, ANLN siRNA group, SC79 group, and ANLN siRNA+SC79 group. The proliferation, cell migration and invasion of SW1990 cells were detected by clone formation experiment, CCK-8 method, Scratch experiments and Transwell experiments; Flow cytometry was applied to detect the cell apoptosis; qPCR was applied to detect the expression levels of ANLN, Akt, and mTOR mRNA; Western blot was applied to detect the expression levels of ANLN, Akt, PI3K, mTOR, p-Akt, p-PI3K and p-mTOR proteins. Results The expression level of ANLN was associated with the pathological stage, lymphatic metastasis and distant metastasis of tumors. The expression levels of ANLN, Akt and mTOR mRNA in pancreatic cancer tissues and cells increased obviously (P<0.05). Compared with blank group and NC siRNA group, the colony count, cell invasion and migration ability, the expression levels of ANLN mRNA, Akt mRNA, mTOR mRNA, ANLN protein, p-PI3K/PI3K, p-Akt/Akt, p-mTOR/mTOR were obviously decreased, and the cell apoptosis rate was obviously increased in ANLN siRNA group (P<0.05). Compared with ANLN siRNA group, the colony count, cell invasion and migration ability, the expression levels of ANLN mRNA, Akt mRNA, mTOR mRNA, ANLN protein, p-PI3K/PI3K, p-Akt/Akt, p-mTOR/mTOR were obviously increased, and cell apoptosis rate was obviously decreased in ANLN siRNA+SC79 group (P<0.05). Conclusions ANLN is highly expressed in the elderly patients with pancreatic cancer.Interference with ANLN can inhibit the proliferation, cell migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells, which may be related to the inhibition of Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of crystalloid preloading and colloid preloading on hemodynamics and early postoperative cognitive function in elderly patients undergoing painless colonoscopy ZHANG Yuwen, CHEN Lijian 2025, 39 (9):  894-898.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2025.09.007 Abstract ( 6 )   PDF (1091KB) ( 7 )   Save Objective To investigate the effects of crystalloid preloading and colloid preloading on hemodynamics and early postoperative cognitive function in the elderly patients undergoing painless colonoscopy. Methods Eighty elderly patients who underwent painless colonoscopy at the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from December 2021 to March 2023 were enrolled in this study. The patients were randomly assigned into the crystalloid group (n=40) and the colloid group (n=40) using a random number table. The crystalloid group received 2 mL/kg sodium lactate ringer’s injection via intravenous infusion 30 minutes before the procedure, while the colloid group received 2 mL/kg of hydroxyethyl starch under the same conditions. The fluid volume was dynamically adjusted based on ultrasound assessment of inferior vena cava respiratory variation (ΔIVC) until ΔIVC ≤ 30%. The mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) at different time points, as well as awakening time, orientation recovery time, incidence of postoperative dizziness, nausea, thirst, and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores before and after the operation were compared between the two groups. Results There were no significant differences in MAP and HR between the two groups before and after fluid administration (P>0.05). After anesthesia, the levels of MAP and HR in both groups decreased significantly compared to those before anesthesia (P<0.05), with the crystalloid group showing a greater decline in MAP than the colloid group (P<0.05). Postoperatively, the levels of MAP and HR in both groups increased significantly compared to those after anesthesia (P<0.05), but the level of HR in the crystalloid group was still significantly lower than that before anesthesia (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in awakening time, orientation recovery time, and the incidence rates of postoperative dizziness and nausea between the two groups (P>0.05). However, the colloid group had lower incidence rates of postoperative thirst and of hypotension, and a higher MoCA score than the crystalloid group (P<0.05). Conclusions Compared with crystalloid preloading, colloid preloading before painless colonoscopy in the elderly patients demonstrates a more significant stabilizing effect on hemodynamics, reduces the incidence of postoperative thirst, and exerts a milder impact on early postoperative cognitive function. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Conversational characteristics of healthy elderly people based on aphasia corpus tasks ZHU Chengyuan, LU Yue, JIA Wenting, HUANG Yue, LIN Feng, ZHANG Lixia 2025, 39 (9):  899-903.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2025.09.008 Abstract ( 6 )   PDF (1237KB) ( 8 )   Save Objective To explore the conversational characteristics of healthy elderly people based on picture tasks from an aphasia corpus, and to provide references for the assessment and treatment of speech function in the elderly. Methods The multimedia discourse materials were collected from 24 healthy elderly individuals in different types of corpora tasks, then the transcription, encoding and verification were carried out using the computerized language analysis (CLAN) software. Combined with core word analysis and data saturation method, the data such as the Chinese core vocabulary list, vocabulary diversity, part-of-speech distribution of healthy elderly people in different speech types were obtained. Results This study developed a set of core nouns and core verbs in the picture description and story narrative for healthy elderly people in Chinese, and found that the elderly used a greater variety of vocabulary in picture description than in story narrative, and the use of verbs and nouns is predominant in both tasks. Conclusions The conversational characteristics of healthy elderly people based on aphasia corpus tasks provide a solid baseline for the assessment and treatment of speech function in the elderly, and have reference significance for the assessment of cognitive function in the elderly to a certain extent. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A prospective study on the prognostic trajectories within 6 months in elderly patients with ischemic stroke in relation to NLR, PLR and SIRI WANG Yanan, WANG Jiaojiao, GUO Daoxia 2025, 39 (9):  904-909.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2025.09.009 Abstract ( 6 )   PDF (1540KB) ( 8 )   Save Objective To explore the correlation between neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI), and the 6-month prognostic trajectories in elderly patients with ischemic stroke. Methods This study enrolled 200 patients with ischemic stroke from two tertiary hospitals in Suzhou, China. Prognosis was assessed using the Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 14 days, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after admission. Based on multi-timepoint mRS scores, a Latent Class Growth Model (LCGM) was employed to identify distinct prognostic trajectory classes. NLR, PLR, and SIRI were categorized into quartiles, and their associations with prognostic trajectories were analyzed using ordered logistic regression. Restricted cubic spline analysis was applied to examine the dose-response relationship between inflammatory markers and prognostic trajectories. Patients were further divided into high- and low-value groups based on median levels of each marker. A composite inflammatory index (0, 1, 2, or 3 high inflammatory markers) was constructed to evaluate its association with prognostic trajectories. Results LCGM identified a best model including three distinct stroke outcome trajectory categories. After multivariable adjustment, elevated levels of NLR, PLR, and SIRI were all significantly associated with an increased risk of unfavorable outcome progression trends (P<0.05). Compared to the group with 0 elevated inflammatory markers, the group with 3 elevated inflammatory markers showed a significantly higher risk of unfavorable outcome progression. Conclusions Elevated NLR, PLR, and SIRI levels, as well as an increased number of elevated inflammatory markers, were significantly associated with a higher risk of unfavorable outcome progression in elderly patients with ischemic stroke. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Transcutaneous acupoint electrical stimulation for postoperative pain management and gastrointestinal function recovery in elderly patients with hip fractures HUANG Yong, WANG Fengfeng, SHI Bosheng, HUANG Li, WANG Zhifei 2025, 39 (9):  910-914.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2025.09.010 Abstract ( 6 )   PDF (1074KB) ( 7 )   Save Objective To explore the comprehensive efficacy of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) in managing postoperative pain and improving gastrointestinal recovery in the elderly patients with hip fractures. Methods A total of 90 elderly patients with hip fractures undergoing artificial hip replacement at Nantong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from June 2023 to June 2024 were enrolled in this study. They were randomly divided into control group (n=45, receiving conventional postoperative analgesia) and observation group (n=45, receiving TEAS in addition to conventional analgesia). Surgery-related indicators (operation time, intraoperative blood loss, time to first defecation, time to first flatus and time to first oral intake), nausea and vomiting scores 1, 2, and 3 d after operation, gastrointestinal hormone levels [motilin (MOT), gastrin (G-17), and cholecystokinin (CCK)], and pain visual analog scale (VAS) score 1, 2, and 3 d after operation were compared between the two groups. Results Compared with the control group, the time to first defecation, time to first flatus, and time to first oral intake were significantly shorter, the nausea and vomiting scores 1, 2, and 3 d after operation were significantly lower, and the serum levels of MOT and G-17 were significantly higher, while the level of CCK was significantly lower 1, 2, and 3 d after operation in the observation group (all P<0.05). No significant differences were observed in VAS scores 1, 2, and 3 d after operation and the incidence rate of adverse events between the two groups (P> 0.05). Conclusions TEAS could significantly improve gastrointestinal function and reduce the incidence of postoperative complications in the elderly patients with hip fractures. The treatment is safe and worthy for clinical promotion. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the current status and influencing factors of activity of daily living in Chinese elderly people from the perspective of health ecology LYU Wenjun, KANG Jing, MO Fei 2025, 39 (9):  915-919.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2025.09.011 Abstract ( 6 )   PDF (1073KB) ( 13 )   Save Objective To explore the current status and influencing factors of activity of daily living (ADL) in the elderly people aged ≥60 years in China, and to provide the oretical support for the development of health promotion measures for the elderly. Methods The data of 2018 China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey (CLASS) were used, including 6283 valid samples. General information questionnaire, Abuse Scale, Basic Activities of Daily Living (BADL), Social Support Rating Scale(SSRS), Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale(CES-D), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Social Participation Scale were evaluated. Logistic regression was used to explore the influencing factors for ADL. Results A total of 471(7.5%) older adults were disabled. Logistic regression analysis showed that age, chronic diseases, self-rated health status, smoking, living alone, annual income, cognitive function, physical abuse were the influencing factors for ADL in older adults (P<0.05). Conclusions The ADL level of elderly people in China is relatively high. Old age, living alone, low annual income, multiple illnesses, smoking, cognitive decline, poor self-rated health status, and experiences of physical abuse show significant effects on ADL. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Revision and reliability and validity verification of the Chinese version of Identification of Seniors At Risk in the department of emergency YAN Zhenlong, HUANG Ping, CHEN Meng, TAO Junjie, WANG Yuchuan, CHEN Lili, FAN Ya, LI Zehua, ZHOU Xiaotian 2025, 39 (9):  920-923.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2025.09.012 Abstract ( 8 )   PDF (1057KB) ( 10 )   Save Objective To revise the Chinese version of Identification of Seniors At Risk (ISAR) and verify its reliability and validity in the department of emergency. Methods Using the convenience sampling method, a questionnaire survey was conducted on 240 elderly patients who visited the emergency department to verify the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of ISAR. Results The item-level content validity index and the scale-level average content validity index were 0.89-1.00 and 0.984, respectively. Two common factors were extracted by exploratory factor analysis, and the cumulative variance explanation rate was 48.447%. The factor loading of each item ranged from 0.530 to 0.733. The Cronbach’s α coefficient and the Guttman split-half reliability of the Chinese version of ISAR were 0.611 and 0.546, respectively. The Kappa coefficient was 0.793. Conclusions The Chinese version of ISAR has good reliability and validity, and can be used in the elderly patients at emergency department. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of clinical characteristics of 17 elderly patients with pulmonary actinomycosis ZHANG Ning, GAO Xiu, KANG Lin, LIU Xiaohong 2025, 39 (9):  924-928.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2025.09.013 Abstract ( 6 )   PDF (1067KB) ( 7 )   Save Objective To summarize the clinical characteristics of pulmonary actinomycosis in the elderly patients, and to improve the levels of diagnosis and treatment. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 17 elderly inpatients with pulmonary actinomycosis at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2014 to May 2024. Results Among the patients, 9 cases were male and 8 cases were female, with a median age at diagnosis of 67 years. The median age-adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index (aCCI) was 4 points, with 13 patients presenting with systemic risk factors such as diabetes and immunosuppression, and 4 patients presenting with local risk factors such as periodontal disease. Clinical symptoms were observed in 16 patients, including cough (12 cases), fever (10 cases), sputum production (8 cases), and hemoptysis (5 cases). Laboratory tests revealed that 5 cases showed white blood cell count >9.5×109/L, 8 cases had high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) level >8 mg/L, and 9 cases had erythroayte sedimentation rate (ESR) value>20 mm/h. Chest CT predominantly displayed mass/nodular shadows (7 cases) and cavitary shadows (4 cases). Etiological confirmation pathways included qualified sputum culture (7 cases), bronchoscopic specimen culture (7 cases), tissue biopsy (2 cases), and pleural effusion culture (1 case). In terms of treatment, 12 cases received intravenous antibiotics (10 cases utilized penicillin), 8 cases were treated with oral penicillin, and 12 cases underwent treatment with a combination of ≥2 antibiotics. The median follow-up duration was 5.6 years, with 15 cases achieving cure and 2 cases resulting in death. Conclusions Pulmonary actinomycosis in the elderly is frequently associated with underlying diseases, with clinical manifestations primarily consisting of respiratory symptoms. Imaging features are mainly characterized by mass/cavitary lesions. The positive rate of bronchoscopy and sputum culture is relatively high, and the prognosis is favorable with penicillin-based combination therapy. It is suggested that actinomycosis should be differentiated in elderly patients with respiratory tract infection with risk factors. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Efficacy of selective vertebroplasty in the treatment of multi-segment vertebral osteoporotic fractures MO Jun, ZHANG Siping, ZHANG Huanwen, LI Jianjiang, Dannier Abulimiti, HUANG Yifei 2025, 39 (9):  929-932.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2025.09.014 Abstract ( 7 )   PDF (1052KB) ( 8 )   Save Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of selective vertebroplasty in treating multiple segment vertebral osteoporotic fractures. Methods Retrospectively collected data from 78 patients diagnosed with multiple segment vertebral osteoporotic fractures in Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Xinjiang Medical University from January 2021 to June 2023. Preoperative routine X-ray, CT, and MRI examinations were conducted. Patients were divided into two groups based on their surgical preference: Group A received selective vertebroplasty, while Group B received conventional percutaneous vertebroplasty. General data, total number of fractured vertebrae, intraoperative complications, surgery time, and intraoperative blood loss were collected. Preoperative, intraoperative, and final follow-up visual analogue scale (VAS) scores and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) were recorded; follow up for 6 months, the occurrence of re-fracture was observed. Results Age, gender, body mass index, postoperative ODI, and preoperative VAS scores between the two groups showed no statistically significant differences (P>0.05). However, there were statistically significant differences in intraoperative and postoperative VAS scores (P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in surgical time, blood loss, and intraoperative complications between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions Selective vertebroplasty for the treatment of multiple-segment osteoporotic fractures has similar efficacy to conventional procedures, with shorter surgery time, less bleeding, and fewer intraoperative complications. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical value of white matter hyperintensities for overactive bladder symptom in elderly patients with cerebral small vessel disease YAO Heling, WANG Yu, LI Wansong, LUO Hongjie, LYU Xiaolei,WANG Xin, FENG Lina 2025, 39 (9):  933-936.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2025.09.015 Abstract ( 6 )   PDF (1065KB) ( 7 )   Save Objective To explore the clinical value of imaging quantitative indicators as microstructural damage and blood flow perfusion in white matter hyperintensities (WMH) for overactive bladder symptom (OAB) in the elderly patients with cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). Methods A total of 104 patients with CSVD presenting with WMH in Tangshan Workers’ Hospital were enrolled in this study. According to the symptom score of overactive bladder syndrome (OABSS), the patients were divided into OAB group (n=74) and non-OAB group(n=30). Magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and three-dimensional arterial spin labeling (3D-ASL) techniques were used to obtain fractional anisotropy (FA) and cerebral blood flow (CBF) of periventricular white matter hyperintensities (PVWMH) and deep white matter hyperintensities (DWMH), and general information of the patients was collected. The clinical data were compared between OAS group and non-OAS group; Spearman analysis was used to analyze the correlation between the indexes, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to investigate the predictive value of WMH indicators for OAB. Results There were significant differences in age, proportion of diabetes, body mass index (BMI), PVWMH-FA, DWMH-FA and Fazekas scores between the two groups (P<0.05); Spearman correlation analysis showed PVWMH-FA was significantly correlated with OABSS (r=-0.538, P<0.001);The area under ROC curve of PVWMH-FA in predicting OAB was 0.806. Conclusions The PVWMH-FA, a quantitative indicator of microstructural damage in PVWMH of elderly patients with CSVD shows potential clinical value for early diagnosis and disease assessment of OAB. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on the correlation between Alzheimer’s disease and osteoporosis WANG Miaohui, FAN Xuhang, CHEN Siyao, YANG Xiaojuan 2025, 39 (9):  937-941.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2025.09.016 Abstract ( 5 )   PDF (1065KB) ( 8 )   Save With the acceleration of the global aging, the incidences of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and osteoporosis (OP) are increasing year by year, and they both seriously affect the quality of life and healthspan of the elderly. In recent years, more and more studies have focused on the correlation between AD and OP, exploring their common risks, including inflammatory responses, vitamin D deficiency, hormonal imbalances, and genetic factors. Epidemiological studies have shown that the two diseases often occur concomitantly and affect each other. This review summarizes the research progress on their common physiological and pathological aspects, epidemiology, and the mechanisms of mutual influence. A deep understanding of the association between AD and OP is expected to provide new ideas and strategies for early diagnosis, prevention, and comprehensive treatment, ultimately improving the prognosis of patients and reducing the burden on families and society. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research advances in blood-based biomarkers of cognitive frailty in elderly patients with diabetes mellitus YAN Lu, DUAN Yu 2025, 39 (9):  942-946.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2025.09.017 Abstract ( 6 )   PDF (1061KB) ( 7 )   Save Cognitive frailty, emerging as a novel complication of diabetes, is characterized by the coexistence of physical frailty and cognitive dysfunction, excluding Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias. It significantly affects the quality of life and life expectancy of elderly diabetic patients. Compared with traditional scale tools, blood biomarkers can identify high-risk groups of cognitive frailty earlier and more Objectively. This review summarizes recent advances in blood biomarkers of cognitive frailty in this population, aiming to provide new insights and strategies for early diagnosis, intervention, and treatment. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Advances in the mechanisms of immunosenescence in elderly patients with non-small cell lung cancer YAO Yuan, YANG Yong 2025, 39 (9):  947-951.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2025.09.018 Abstract ( 6 )   PDF (1066KB) ( 6 )   Save Immunosenescence refers to the progressive decline in immune function associated with aging, characterized by thymic involution, reduced T-cell diversity, and chronic inflammation. In elderly patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), immunosenescence accelerates disease progression by remodeling the tumor microenvironment, promoting the proliferation of immunosuppressive cells, and impairing the antitumor activity of effector T cells. At the molecular level, telomere shortening, epigenetic alterations, and metabolic dysregulation drive this process, influencing the therapeutic efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors. This review synthesizes the biological features of immunosenescence and its mechanistic roles in the progression of NSCLC in the elderly, highlights its profound impact on tumor immunity and provides a theoretical foundation for optimizing treatment strategies. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Review on the application of comprehensive geriatric assessment in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ZHANG Yirong, WU Fang 2025, 39 (9):  952-956.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2025.09.019 Abstract ( 6 )   PDF (1059KB) ( 8 )   Save Comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) is a multidisciplinary and multidimensional tool for evaluating the health status of the elderly. As one of the core assessment techniques in geriatric medicine, it has been widely used in clinical practice in recent years. However, the effect of which for elderly Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients has received less attention than others. This article mainly reviews the clinical researches on the application of CGA in elderly patients with COPD at home and abroad, which focuses on evaluation content, intervention methods and application effects, aiming to provide guidance for future clinical practice. It shows that for elderly patients with COPD, applying the method of CGA as soon as possible and taking effective interventions according to the results of diversified and individualized assessment can maximize the control of their symptoms, improve the functional level and quality of life. A more detailed analysis of the different emphases of individual patient evaluations and their intervention priorities and effects may be one of the directions for future clinical researches. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Mechanisms of ferroptosis in cardiovascular diseases CHEN Yapeng, HU Jiawei, KONG Xiangquan, ZHANG Junjie 2025, 39 (9):  957-962.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2025.09.020 Abstract ( 6 )   PDF (1085KB) ( 7 )   Save Ferroptosis has become a research hotspot over the last 10 years. Unlike autophagy or necrosis, it is characterized by iron accumulation and lipotoxicity. It has been found that glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), as a key protein of ferroptosis, is involved in the development of various cardiovascular diseases such as myocarditis. However, the mechanism of ferroptosis in various cardiovascular diseases remains unclear. In this article, we present the mechanisms of ferroptosis and its effects on various cells within the cardiac microenvironment, and investigate its significance in diverse cardiovascular diseases. Finally, we propose that targeting ferroptosis-related pathomechanisms may offer new hope for the treatment of related diseases. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on the prevention and treatment of venous thromboembolism in elderly using artificial intelligence and wearable devices ZHOU Dan, WEI Kexin, DENG Shu, HE Rui 2025, 39 (9):  963-967.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2025.09.021 Abstract ( 5 )   PDF (1060KB) ( 8 )   Save With the aging of the global population, the incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) has increased significantly in the elderly population, and its prevention and treatment face many challenges, including the complexity of age-specific risk factors and the limitations of traditional assessment tools. This paper systematically reviews the research progress of artificial intelligence (AI) and wearable devices in the prevention and treatment of VTE in the elderly. In terms of prediction and prevention, the AI model significantly improves the accuracy of risk identification by integrating multi-source data, with an AUC value of 0.88. Wearable devices such as smart insoles, millimetre-wave radar, and flexible e-skin patch achieve the early detection of VTE through monitoring the physiological indexes such as gait variations, lower limb micromovement frequency, and temperature gradient, achieving early warning of VTE and supporting the development of personalised interventions. In terms of diagnosis and assessment, handheld bedside ultrasound (POCUS) and wearable ultrasound systems combined with AI have improved the efficiency and accuracy of diagnosis. Decision support tools based on electronic health records (EHR) and real-time physiological parameter monitoring by smart devices optimise risk assessment and health management strategies. On the therapeutic side, AI technology guides the development of individualised anticoagulation strategies and evidence-based decision-making for inferior vena cava filters, and dynamic monitoring of wearable devices combined with behavioural interventions effectively reduces the incidence of VTE. Although AI and wearable devices have great potential in the prevention and treatment of VTE in the elderly, data privacy protection, differences in the acceptance of technology in the elderly population, and uneven medical resources are still the main barriers to the promotion of the technology. In the future, it is necessary to build a smart health management platform integrating data from multiple sources, strengthen the privacy protection mechanism, optimize the aging-adapted design of the devices, and promote the translation and application of the technology through multicenter clinical validation, in order to achieve a more efficient and safe system of intelligent prevention and treatment for VTE in the elderly. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Impact of bladder training guided by goal management theory on urinary function in elderly high-risk patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia receiving spiral thermal expansion stent implantation WANG Jie, GUO Yan, CAI Cuichun, WANG Jiulin, ZHANG Shige, ZOU Hui, YIN Ping 2025, 39 (9):  968-972.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2025.09.022 Abstract ( 6 )   PDF (1072KB) ( 8 )   Save Objective To investigate the effect of bladder training under the guidance of the goal management theory on promoting the recovery of urination function in the elderly patients receiving prostate stent implantation. Methods This study adopted a historical controlled clinical trial design. The elderly high-risk patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) undergoing spiral thermal expansion stent implantation in Department of Urology from January 1, 2021 to August 31, 2024 were enrolled. All patients were divided into the control group (n=24) and the observation group (n=30) according to the admission time. The control group received conventional bladder training, while the observation group received bladder training based on goal management theory. The length of hospital stay and postoperative urinary function were compared between the two groups. Results In the observation group, the time of first postoperative urination[1.0(0.9,2.0)d vs 2.0(1.1,3.0)d, P=0.016], the time of cystostomy tube sealing [5.5(3.8,8.3)d vs 10.0(6.0,16.0)d, P=0.007] and the length of hospital stay [9.0(7.0,12.0)d vs 12.0(9.0,19.0)d, P=0.020] were shorter than those in the control group. The daily urinary function classification of the observation group was better than that of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions The bladder training based on goal management can improve the urination function of the elderly high-risk patients with BPH after stent implantation, and has clinical promotion value. References | Related Articles | Metrics