基于小腿围、BMI和老年营养风险指数的住院老年患者肌少症筛查模型构建

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2026.08.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的探索小腿围(CC)、BMI、老年营养风险指数(GNRI)与住院老年患者肌少症的关联,构建并验证肌少症风险筛查模型。方法采用横断面研究,选取2025年1—6月于中国人民解放军南部战区总医院治疗的住院老年患者为研究对象。收集患者基本信息、实验室检查指标和人体测量指标,根据亚洲肌少症工作组(AWGS)2019指南将患者分为肌少症组和非肌少症组。采用多因素logistic回归分析住院老年患者肌少症的独立影响因素并构建模型, 采用ROC曲线分析模型的预测效能并进行一致性检验。结果共纳入住院老年患者328例,其中肌少症患者191例(58.2%)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,CC、BMI和GNRI是住院老年患者肌少症的独立保护因素。ROC曲线分析显示,基于CC、BMI和GNRI构建的联合模型筛查肌少症的AUC为0.855(95%CI:0.812~0.891),灵敏度为85.9%,特异度为68.6%,Bootstrap内部验证显示一致性良好。结论 CC、BMI、GNRI是住院老年患者肌少症的保护因素,基于三者构建的联合模型操作简便、可及性强且具有良好的筛查效能,可作为早期识别住院老年患者肌少症的有效工具。

关键词: 肌少症, 小腿围, 体质量指数, 老年营养风险指数, 住院老年患者

Abstract: Objective To explore the association of calf circumference (CC), body mass index (BMI), and geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) with sarcopenia in hospitalized elderly patients, and to develop and validate a risk screening model for sarcopenia. Methods This cross-sectional study enrolled hospitalized patients aged ≥60 years at Chinese PLA General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command from January to June 2025. Demographic information, laboratory tests, and anthropometric measurements were collected. Patients were classified into sarcopenia group and non-sarcopenia group according to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 criteria. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to explore the independent influencing factors for sarcopenia in the hospitalized patients aged 60 years and over. And a predictive model was developed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and consistency testing were used to evaluate the predictive efficacy of the model. Results A total of 328 hospitalized elderly patients were enrolled in this study, and 191 cases (58.2%) were diagnosed with sarcopenia. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that CC, BMI, and GNRI were independent protective factors for sarcopenia in hospitalized elderly patients. ROC curve analysis showed that the combined model incorporating CC, BMI, and GNRI demonstrated an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.855 (95%CI: 0.812-0.891), with a sensitivity of 85.9% and a specificity of 68.6%. Bootstrap internal validation showed good consistency. Conclusions CC, BMI, and GNRI are protective factors against sarcopenia in hospitalized elderly patients. The combined model based on these three indicators is simple, accessible, and exhibits satisfactory screening performance, making it an effective tool for the early identification of sarcopenia in this clinical population.

Key words: sarcopenia, calf circumference, body mass index, geriatric nutritional risk index, hospitalized elderly patients

中图分类号:

R 685

余心雪, 金迪, 全静雯, 蒋娟, 刘娟子, 魏元皓, 谢红, 黄金梅, 徐习. 基于小腿围、BMI和老年营养风险指数的住院老年患者肌少症筛查模型构建[J]. 实用老年医学, 2026, 40(8): 805-810.

YU Xinxue, JIN Di, QUAN Jingwen, JIANG Juan, LIU Juanzi, WEI Yuanhao, XIE Hong, HUANG Jinmei, XU Xi. Development of a sarcopenia screening model for hospitalized elderly patients based on calf circumference, body mass index, and geriatric nutritional risk index[J]. Practical Geriatrics, 2026, 40(8): 805-810.

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