季节和气象与老年抑郁症病人睡眠质量的关系

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2025.06.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的调查老年抑郁症病人在不同季节和气象条件下的睡眠特征,探讨季节和气象与老年抑郁症病人睡眠质量的相关性。方法选取2019—2022年在安徽医科大学附属心理医院住院且完成多导睡眠呼吸监测(PSG)的183例老年抑郁症病人为研究对象,收集研究对象的一般资料、临床信息和PSG数据,依据北半球气象季节划分法将研究对象分为春季组(3—5月)、夏季组(6—8月)、秋季组(9—11月)和冬季组(12月至次年2月),并通过美国国家海洋和大气管理局(NOAA)的国家环境信息中心(NCEI)获取合肥站每日气象数据。采用卡方检验比较不同季节研究对象的一般资料和临床信息,采用Kruskal-Wallis检验比较不同季节组间睡眠特征的整体分布差异,Bonferroni检验进行多重比较,相关性分析采用 Spearman 相关分析,并构建分层线性回归模型分析气象与老年抑郁症病人睡眠质量的关系。结果不同季节老年抑郁症病人的一般资料及临床信息差异均无统计学意义,4组总睡眠时间、睡眠效率和觉醒时间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。相关分析显示,老年抑郁症病人的卧床时间、总睡眠时间、非快速眼动睡眠2期(N2)时长、N2占总睡眠时间百分比(N2%)与日照强度呈正相关,非快速眼动睡眠1期占总睡眠时间百分比(N1%)与日照强度呈负相关;卧床时间、总睡眠时间、N2时长与相对湿度呈负相关,降水量与N2时长呈负相关。分层线性回归模型结果显示:日照强度对老年抑郁症病人的卧床时间有正向影响(P＜0.05)。结论老年抑郁症病人的睡眠质量与季节和气象相关,相较于寒冷干燥的天气,日照充足的天气可能有利于老年抑郁症病人的夜间睡眠。

关键词: 老年抑郁症, 睡眠, 季节, 气象, 分层线性回归模型

Abstract: Objective To investigate the sleep characteristics of elderly patients with late-life depression (LLD) in different seasons and meteorological conditions, and to explore the relationship of seasons and meteorology with sleep quality. Methods A total of 183 LLD patients who were hospitalized in Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University from 2019 to 2022 and completed polysomnography (PSG) examination were selected. The general data, clinical information and PSG data of the subjects were collected. Based on the Northern Hemisphere meteorological seasonal division method, the subjects were divided into spring group (March to May), summer group (June to August), autumn group (September to November) and winter group (December to February of the following year). The daily meteorological data of Hefei station was obtained through the National Environmental Information Center (NCEI) of National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Chi-square test was used to compare the general data and the clinical information of subjects in different seasons, and Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare the overall distribution differences of sleep characteristics among different seasons, Bonferroni test was used for multiple comparison test. Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation of the above data, and Hierarchical linear regression models (HLM) was constructed to analyze the relationship between meteorology and sleep quality in LLD patients. Results There were no differences in the general data and clinical information among the four groups. There were significant differences in total sleep time, sleep efficiency and awakening time among the four groups (P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed that time in bed, total sleep time, non-rapid eye movement sleep phase 2(N2) duration and percentage of N2 to total sleep time(N2%) in LLD patients were positively correlated with sunshine intensity, and percentage of non-rapid eye movement sleep phase 1 to total sleep time (N1%) was negatively correlated with sunshine intensity. While time in bed, total sleep time and N2 were negatively correlated with relative humidity, and N2 duration was negatively correlated with precipitation (P<0.05). The results of the HLM showed that sunlight intensity had a positive effect on time in bed in LLD patients (P<0.05). Conclusions The sleep quality of LLD patients is related to season and meteorology. Compared with cold weather, sufficient sunshine and warm weather is conducive to night sleep of LLD patients.

Key words: late-life depression, sleep, season, meteorology, hierarchical linear regression model

中图分类号:

R749.41

郭雨, 孙艳, 孔晓明, 张楼凤, 耿昊, 吕思文, 谢朋宇. 季节和气象与老年抑郁症病人睡眠质量的关系[J]. 实用老年医学, 2025, 39(6): 570-576.

GUO Yu, SUN Yan, KONG Xiaoming, ZHANG Loufeng, GENG Hao, LYU Siwen, XIE Pengyu. Relationship of season and meteorology with sleep quality in elderly patients with late-life depression[J]. Practical Geriatrics, 2025, 39(6): 570-576.

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