远程医疗在非癌症患者缓和医疗中应用的研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2026.09.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 缓和医疗(palliative care,PC)是一种兼顾医学技术与人文关怀的照护模式,旨在缓解生命受限性疾病患者的疼痛及其他不适症状,并为患者及其家属提供全面、连续的支持。近年来,随着人口老龄化加剧以及慢性阻塞性肺疾病、心力衰竭、终末期肾病等非癌症疾病负担的持续增加,非癌症患者对PC服务的需求不断上升。然而,相关医疗资源不足和分布不均等问题限制了非癌症患者PC的发展和应用。远程医疗依托信息通信技术开展远距离诊疗、监测和随访,为非癌症患者PC服务延伸至居家和社区场景提供了新的路径。现有研究显示,远程医疗已广泛应用于症状评估与监测、远程咨询与随访、预立医疗照护计划、心理社会支持和哀伤辅导等多个领域,并可在一定程度上减轻症状负担、改善生活质量、支持家庭照护者并优化医疗资源利用。然而,远程医疗在非癌症患者PC中的应用仍面临数字基础设施不足、患者及家属数字素养有限、复杂临床情境适用性受限以及技术信任度不足等挑战。未来应结合我国PC发展现状、传统文化背景和患者照护特点,进一步开展高质量研究,完善政策支持,推动远程医疗在非癌症患者PC中的规范化、连续化和规模化应用。

关键词: 远程医疗, 缓和医疗, 研究进展

Abstract: Palliative care (PC) is a type of care that combines medical treatment with humanistic support. It aims to relieve pain and other distressing symptoms in patients with life-limiting illnesses and provide continuous support for patients and their families. With population aging and the increasing burden of non-cancer diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, heart failure, and end-stage renal disease, the need for PC services among non-cancer patients is increasing. However, the shortage and uneven distribution of related medical resources have limited the development and application of PC for non-cancer patients. Telehealth uses information and communication technologies to provide remote care, monitoring, and follow-up. It offers a new way to extend PC services for non-cancer patients to homes and communities. Current studies show that telehealth has been widely used in symptom assessment and monitoring, remote consultation and follow-up, advance care planning, psychosocial support, and bereavement counseling. It may help reduce symptom burden, improve quality of life, support family caregivers, and improve the use of medical resources. However, its use in PC for non-cancer patients still faces several challenges, such as poor digital infrastructure, limited digital literacy among patients and families, limited applicability in complex clinical situations, and concerns about trust in technology. In the future, more policy support and high-quality research are needed. Future development of telehealth in PC for non-cancer patients should be adapted to China’s current PC system, traditional cultural context, and patient care characteristics, thereby promoting its standardized, continuous, and large-scale implementation.

Key words: telehealth, palliative care, research advances

中图分类号:

R 48

张飞, 王仲, 王佳贺. 远程医疗在非癌症患者缓和医疗中应用的研究进展[J]. 实用老年医学, 2026, 40(9): 877-882.

ZHANG Fei, WANG Zhong, WANG Jiahe. Advances in research on the application of telehealth in palliative care for non-cancer patients[J]. Practical Geriatrics, 2026, 40(9): 877-882.

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