前馈控制训练对老年人跌倒风险的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2024.05.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的观察前馈控制训练对老年人跌倒风险的影响。方法将60例符合入组标准和排除标准的老年人按照随机数表法分为对照组30例和观察组30例,对照组予以8周的常规防跌倒运动训练,观察组予以8周的前馈控制训练。分别在运动前、运动8周后使用Berg平衡量表(BBS)、Tinetti步态评估量表(Tinetti)、国际版跌倒效能量表(FES-I)对2组病人进行评估,并检测其中枢运动传导时间(CMCT)。结果运动前2组间BBS、Tinetti、FES-I评分和CMCT差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。训练8周后,2组BBS、Tinetti均较训练前显著改善(P<0.05),但2组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);训练8周后观察组FES-I评分较训练前改善(P<0.05)、CMCT较训练前降低(P<0.05),且优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 8周前馈控制训练和常规防跌倒训练均能够降低老年人跌倒风险,前馈控制训练可能对提升老年人日常活动中防止跌倒信心和中枢神经传导速度有改善作用。

关键词: 前馈控制训练, 老年人, 平衡, 跌倒

Abstract: Objective To observe the impact of feed-forward control training on the risk of falls in the elderly. Methods Sixty elderly people who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group by a random number table method, with 30 cases in each group. The control group received 8 weeks of routine fall prevention training, while the observation group received 8 weeks of feed-forward control training. Before and after 8 weeks of exercise, Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Tinetti Gait Assessment Scale (Tinetti) and Falls Efficacy Scale-International(FES-I) were assessed, and central motor conduction time (CMCT) was detected. The parameters were compared between the two groups. Results There were no statistically significant differences in the scores of BBS, Tinetti and FES-I, and CMCT between the two groups before training (P>0.05). After 8 weeks of training, the scores of BBS and Tinetti in the two groups were significantly higher than those before training (P<0.05). But the scores of BBS and Tinetti showed no statistically significant differences between the two groups (P>0.05). After 8 weeks of training, the level of CMCT was lower and the FES-I score was higher in the observation group than that before training and that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions Both 8-week feed-forward control training and routine fall prevention training can reduce the risk of falls in the elderly, and feed-forward control training may have an effect in improving confidence in preventing falls and central nervous system conduction velocity in the elderly.

Key words: feed-forward control training, aged, balance, falls

中图分类号:

R 592

庄鑫, 宗智颖, 徐花, 郑娟, 吴金芳, 刘恺航, 赵静, 张丽霞. 前馈控制训练对老年人跌倒风险的影响[J]. 实用老年医学, 2024, 38(5): 478-437.

ZHUANG Xin, ZONG Zhiying, XU Hua, ZHENG Juan, WU Jinfang, LIU Kaihang, ZHAO Jing, ZHANG Lixia. Impact of feed-forward control training on the risk of falls in the elderly[J]. Practical Geriatrics, 2024, 38(5): 478-437.

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