Abstract: Objective To compare the effects of different anesthetic modalities on deep brain stimulation (DBS) in the subthalamic nucleus (STN) in the patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Methods The clinical data of 158 patients with PD who underwent bilateral STN-DBS surgery at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University between October 2017 and October 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 81 cases received general anesthesia (general anesthesia group) and 67 cases received local anesthesia (local anesthesia group). The coordinates of the intended preoperative frame targets and the actual postoperative implanted targets in both groups were recorded. The preoperative baseline characteristics and the improvement rate of postoperative Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale motor score (UPDRS-Ⅲ) were also compared between the two groups. Results The anterior-posterior distance (y), medial-lateral distance (x) and vertical distance (z) showed no significant differences between intended preoperative frame targets and the actual postoperative implanted targets in the general anesthesia group. Y showed significant difference between the electrodes on both sides in the local anesthesia group, and the actual implanted electrodes were more posteriorly oriented. The operation time was significantly less in the general anesthesia group than that in the local anesthesia group.Three patients experienced asymptomatic cerebral haemorrhage in the local anesthesia group.The improvement rate of UPDRS-Ⅲ 1 month after operation showed no significant difference between the two groups. Conclusions DBS surgery for PD under general anaesthesia can achieve the same results as local anaesthesia surgery, but with a shorter operative time and better safety, which is worth promoting.

Key words: Parkinson's disease, deep brain electrical stimulation, general anaesthesia, subthalamic nucleus, microelectrode recording