老年糖尿病患者足部甲真菌病护理专家共识

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2026.07.020

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的制订老年糖尿病患者足部甲真菌病护理专家共识(以下简称《共识》),以指导临床护理实践。方法成立《共识》制订小组,系统检索国内外数据库及相关网站中内容涉及老年糖尿病患者足部甲真菌病护理的临床决策、实践指南、证据总结、专家共识、系统评价及团体标准,检索时限为建库至2025年4月,经过文献筛选及质量评价,最终纳入27篇文献,其中14篇指南、6篇证据总结、3篇系统评价、3篇专家共识及1篇团体标准,汇总相关证据,形成《共识》初稿。2025年10—12月,分别邀请来自糖尿病、甲真菌病、老年医学等医疗护理领域的15名和10名专家进行专家函询和专家论证会议,对初稿各条目进行修改完善,确定证据级别及推荐强度,最终形成《共识》终稿。结果《共识》包含老年糖尿病患者足部甲真菌病评估、处理、健康教育及专业培训4个主题,共35个条目,形成了老年糖尿病患者足部甲真菌病护理体系。结论该共识可为临床医护人员有效管理老年糖尿病患者的足部甲真菌病提供实践指导,防范糖尿病足的发生发展。

关键词: 老年糖尿病, 足部甲真菌病, 糖尿病足, 护理, 专家共识

Abstract: Objective To standardize an expert consensus on the nursing management of toenail onychomycosis in elderly patients with diabetes mellitus, so as to guide clinical nursing practice. Methods A consensus development group was established. Relevant clinical decisions, practice guidelines, evidence summaries, expert consensuses, systematic reviews and group standards addressing the nursing management of toenail onychomycosis in elderly patients with diabetes mellitus were systematically retrieved from domestic and international databases and relevant websites. The search timeframe was from the inception of each database to April 2025. After literature screening and quality evaluation, 27 publications were finally included, consisting of 14 guidelines, 6 evidence summaries, 3 systematic review, 3 expert consensuses and 1 group standard. Evidence was synthesized to formulate the initial draft of the consensus. From October to December 2025, 15 experts and 10 experts in medical care for diabetes, onychomycosis, and geriatrics were invited to participate in a round of expert consultation and an expert panel meeting respectively. Through these processes, the initial draft items were revised and refined, and the level of evidence and strength of recommendations were determined. Subsequently, the final version of the consensus was established. Results The consensus comprised 35 items covering 4 themes: assessment, management, health education, and professional training for toenail onychomycosis in elderly patients with diabetes mellitus, thereby establishing a nursing framework for this condition. Conclusions This consensus provides practical guidance for clinical healthcare professionals to effectively manage toenail onychomycosis in elderly patients with diabetes mellitus, and to effectively prevent the occurrence and progression of diabetic foot.

Key words: elderly diabetes mellitus, toenail onychomycosis, diabetic foot, nursing, expert consensus

中图分类号:

R 473.75

宋品芳, 缪飞, 蒋翠萍, 陶晓明, 秦雯, 明月, 周琳, 白姣姣. 老年糖尿病患者足部甲真菌病护理专家共识[J]. 实用老年医学, 2026, 40(7): 747-756.

SONG Pinfang, MIAO Fei, JIANG Cuiping, TAO Xiaoming, QIN Wen, MING Yue, ZHOU Lin, BAI Jiaojiao. Expert consensus on the nursing management of toenail onychomycosis in elderly patients with diabetes mellitus[J]. Practical Geriatrics, 2026, 40(7): 747-756.

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