老年脑卒中病人呼吸功能障碍与构音功能的相关性研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2025.02.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的分析老年脑卒中病人呼吸功能障碍的特点,探讨呼吸功能障碍与构音功能的相关性。方法选取2022年8月至2023年4月于山东中医药大学附属医院康复科住院的20例老年脑卒中病人为观察组,同时选取20例健康老年人为对照组,评估并比较2组肺功能、呼吸肌功能和构音功能。肺功能测试包括用力肺活量(FVC)、第一秒用力呼气量(FEV1)、25%最大呼气流速(MEF25)、50%最大呼气流速(MEF50)、75%最大呼气流速(MEF75)、峰值呼气流速(PEF)和最大自主通气量(MVV);呼吸肌功能评估包括最大吸气压(MIP)和最大呼气压(MEP);构音功能评估包括Frenchay构音障碍评定(FDA)、最长声时(MPT)和最大数数能力(MCA)。采用Pearson相关系数评估脑卒中病人呼吸功能与构音功能的相关性,并对构音功能的相关因素进行线性回归分析。结果与对照组相比,观察组肺通气、呼吸肌功能以及构音功能均明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。相关性分析结果显示,观察组病人MIP、MEP、FEV1、MVV与FDA评分呈负相关,与MPT呈正相关(P<0.05);FVC、PEF、MEP与MCA呈正相关(P<0.05)。多因素线性回归分析结果显示,MIP和MEP是FDA评分的独立影响因素;FEV1和MIP是MPT的独立影响因素;FVC、PEF和MEP是MCA的独立影响因素。结论老年脑卒中病人呼吸功能显著下降,还会对构音功能产生影响;FVC、FEV1、PEF、MIP、MEP下降可能是脑卒中后构音障碍的危险因素。

关键词: 老年人, 脑卒中, 呼吸功能, 构音功能, 相关性

Abstract: Objective To analyze the characteristics of respiratory dysfunction and the correlation between respiratory dysfunction and articulation function in the elderly patients with stroke. Methods Twenty elderly patients with stroke admitted to Rehabilitation Medicine Department of Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from August 2022 to April 2023 were enrolled in the observation group. At the same time, 20 healthy elderly were enrolled in the control group. Two groups received pulmonary function tests, respiratory muscle function and articulation function evaluation. Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the correlation between respiratory function and articulation function. Results Compared with the control group, the observation group had significantly reduced lung ventilation function, respiratory muscle function and articulation function (P<0.05). The maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP), maximum expiratory pressure (MEP), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), maximal voluntary ventilation (MVV) were significantly negatively correlated with the score of Frenchay dysarthria assessment (FDA),and significantly positively correlated with maximum phonation time (MPT) (P<0.05); Forced vital capacity (FVC), peak expiratory flow (PEF), MEP were positively correlated with maximum counting ability(MCA) in the observation group (P<0.05). The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that MIP and MEP were independent influencing factors of FDA score; FEV1 and MIP were independent influencing factors of MPT; FVC, PEF and MEP were independent influencing factors of MCA. Conclusions Respiratory function is significantly decreased in the elderly patients with stroke, and it may have an impact on articulation function. The decreases in FVC, FEV1, PEF, MIP and MEP may be risk factors for post-stroke articulation disorders.

Key words: aged, stroke, respiratory function, articulation function, correlation

中图分类号:

R 743.3

郝世杰, 刘西花, 卫晨, 邹建鹏. 老年脑卒中病人呼吸功能障碍与构音功能的相关性研究[J]. 实用老年医学, 2025, 39(2): 139-143.

HAO Shijie, LIU Xihua, WEI Chen, ZOU Jianpeng. Correlation between respiratory dysfunction and articulation function in elderly patients with stroke[J]. Practical Geriatrics, 2025, 39(2): 139-143.

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