南京市老年人群异常体质量状况的流行病学特征

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2023.01.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解南京市≥60岁老年人群异常体质量状况的流行病学特征。方法于2017年4~10月,采取多阶段分层整群抽样方法在南京市抽取20 883名≥60岁居民作为调查对象,调查方法为问卷调查、体格检查。根据BMI水平分为低体质量(BMI<18.5)、正常体质量(18.5≤BMI< 24)、超重(24≤BMI<28)、肥胖(≥28),分析老年人群异常体质量的分布状况。结果南京市老年人群平均BMI为24.4±3.3,低体质量率为2.5%,正常体质量率为44.4%,超重率为40.0%,肥胖率为13.1%。男性的超重率(41.0%)高于女性(39.1%),而肥胖率(11.3%)低于女性(14.8%),差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。老年人群的低体质量率呈随着年龄增长而升高的趋势,超重率则呈随着年龄增长而降低的趋势,各组间差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。城区老年人群的低体质量率低于郊区,而超重率和肥胖率高于郊区,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。随文化程度升高,老年人肥胖率降低,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论南京市老年人群的低体质量率较低,而超重率和肥胖率较高。低体质量的防控需重点关注高年龄组、居住郊区的老年人群;超重或肥胖的防控则需重点关注低年龄组、居住城区以及文化程度较低的老年人群。

关键词: 超重, 肥胖, 老年人, 流行特征

Abstract: Objective To investigate the prevalence and distribution characteristics of body weight status among people aged ≥60 years old in Nanjing, China. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 20 883 regular residents aged ≥60 years were enrolled using a multistage stratified sampling approach from April to October 2017 in Nanjing. The demographic information and anthropometric characteristics were collected. The body weight status was defined and categorized as underweight [body mass index (BMI)<18.5], normal weight(18.5≤BMI<24), overweight(24≤BMI<28) and obesity(BMI≥28). The distribution characteristics of body weight were analyzed. Results The mean BMI of the elderly population in Nanjing was 24.4±3.3, while 2.5% of the participants presented with underweight, 44.4% with normal weight, 40.0% with overweight, and 13.1% with obesity. The overweight rate was significantly higher in men(41.0%) than that in women(39.1%), but the obesity rate(11.3%) was lower than that in women(14.8%). The underweight rate in the elderly population tended to increase with age, while the overweight rate tended to decrease with age (P<0.05). The obesity rate significantly decreased with the increase of the educational level among the participants (P<0.05). Conclusions The elderly show a low rate of underweight and a high rate of overweight and obesity in Nanjing, China. Tailored precision intervention strategies on healthy weight campaigns with participants’ characteristics are crucial for public health in China.

Key words: overweight, obesity, aged, epidemiological characteristic

中图分类号:

R 592

姚铸玲, 王志勇, 唐伟, 徐斐. 南京市老年人群异常体质量状况的流行病学特征[J]. 实用老年医学, 2023, 37(1): 39-42.

YAO Zhu-ling, WANG Zhi-yong, TANG Wei, XU Fei. Epidemiological characteristics of abnormal weight status among people aged ≥60 years old in Nanjing, China[J]. Practical Geriatrics, 2023, 37(1): 39-42.

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