南京市城区≥60岁老年人群2000年和2017年高血压患病情况比较

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2022.12.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解南京市城区≥60岁老年人群高血压患病情况及变化,为制定老年人群高血压防治策略提供参考依据。方法利用南京市城区≥60岁老年人群2000年和2017年横断面调查的代表性数据进行分析,调查方法包括问卷调查和体格检查。主要研究变量为自报高血压患病率(调查对象中自报高血压病人的比例)、新检出高血压患病率(现场调查中检测出的高血压病人的比例)及总体高血压患病率(自报高血压患病率和新检出高血压患病率的合计)。采用χ²检验比较不同年代人口学分布特征、患病率及不同人口学特征间患病率的差异。结果 2000年和2017年南京市城区≥60岁老年人群高血压总体患病率粗率分别为52.9%和65.8%(P＜0.05)。两个年份中总体患病率男性均显著高于女性,不同年龄和文化程度间也存在统计学差异(P＜0.05)。自报患病率随时间呈上升趋势,而新检出患病率则呈下降趋势(P＜0.05)。两个年份中男女性自报患病率均存在统计学差异(P＜0.05),70~79岁人群自报高血压患病率较高。高血压知晓率、治疗率和控制率均随时间呈明显的上升趋势(P＜0.05)。结论南京市城区老年人群高血压患病率较高且随时间上升显著,需要重点关注男性、70岁以上、文化程度较低的老年人群的高血压防控。

关键词: 高血压, 老年人, 患病率, 流行特征

Abstract: Objective To investigate the prevalence of hypertension among the elderly aged ≥ 60 years old in urban areas of Nanjing. Methods Two cross-sectional surveys were carried out in the same urban areas of Nanjing, China, in 2000 and 2017. The same multi-stage sampling approach was used to randomly select participants. The information of the participants' demographic and anthropometric characteristics was collected. The level of blood pressure was measured. The outcome variables were self-reported hypertension and field-measured hypertension. Chi-square test was used to examine the differences in the prevalence of hypertension between the subgroups by demographic characteristics. Results The crude prevalence of hypertension in the elderly in uban area of Nanjing was 52.9% in 2000 and 65.8% in 2017 (P<0.05). The prevalence of hypertension in the male was higher than that in the female in both years (P<0.05). There were significant differences in the prevalence of hypertension among the elderly with different ages and education levels (P<0.05). The prevalence of self-reported hypertension was increased, while the prevalence of field-measured hypertension was decreased with time (P<0.05). There was a difference in self-reported hypertension prevalence, while no difference in field-measured hypertension prevalence between the elderly with different genders. The highest self-reported hypertension prevalence was observed in those aged 70-79 years old (P<0.05). The awareness rate, treatment and control rate of hypertension in 2017 were significantly higher than those in 2000 (P<0.05). Conclusions The prevalence of hypertension is high in the elderly population in Nanjing, and shows a rising trend. It is important to pay attention to the prevention of hypertension in the male elderly, or in the elderly aged ≥70 years old or with low education level.

Key words: hypertension, aged, prevalence, epidemiological characteristics

中图分类号:

R544.1

田思雨, 王志勇, 窦毓, 徐斐. 南京市城区≥60岁老年人群2000年和2017年高血压患病情况比较[J]. 实用老年医学, 2022, 36(12): 1233-1237.

TIAN Si-yu, WANG Zhi-yong, DOU Yu, XU Fei. Comparison of the prevalence of hypertension in 2000 and 2017 among elderly aged ≥ 60 years old in urban areas of Nanjing, China[J]. Practical Geriatrics, 2022, 36(12): 1233-1237.

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