社区老年人功能性体适能现状及与慢性病共病的相关性分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2022.09.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的调查社区老年人功能性体适能水平,并分析功能性体适能水平与慢性病共病的关系。方法于2020年3~6月招募社区老年人432例,通过慢性病共病调查表进行共病筛查,采用老年人体适能测试(SFT)方法进行功能性体适能测试。结果与无共病的老人相比,慢性病共病老年人2 min踏步测试、肱二头肌屈举和30 s座椅站立次数均较少,“起立-步行”计时测试(TUGT)时间更长。随着慢性病数量增多,老年人2 min踏步测试和30 s座椅站立次数呈下降趋势,BMI和TUGT时间呈上升趋势。年龄(OR=1.058, 95％CI:1.021~1.097)、经济来源(OR=0.368, 95％CI:0.219~0.620)、肱二头肌屈举次数(OR=0.881, 95％CI:0.822~0.945)和肥胖(OR=2.361, 95％CI:1.096~5.084)是老年人慢性病共病的影响因素。结论老年慢性病共病病人心肺耐力、肌肉力量和动态平衡能力均低于无慢性病共病者。年龄、经济来源、肥胖和上肢肌肉力量是老年人慢性病共病的影响因素。

关键词: 共病, 身体功能, 老年人, 体适能

Abstract: Objective To investigate the functional fitness in the elderly with multimorbidity, and to analyze the relationship between functional fitness and the occurrence of multimorbidity. Methods From March to June 2020, 432 elderly people in community were enrolled and received the screening of multimorbidity through the multimorbidity questionnaire and the fitness test including 2-minute step, 30 s chair stand, 30 s arm curl, back scratch, chair sit-and-reach, timed up and go test (TUGT) and body mass index (BMI). Results Compared with the elderly without multimorbidity, the elderly with multimorbidity had less repeated times in 2-minute step, 30 s arm curl and 30 s chair stand (P<0.05), and longer time in TUGT (P=0.007). With the increase of the number of chronic diseases, the results of 2-minute step and 30 s chair stand test showed a downward trend (P<0.05), while BMI and TUGT time showed an upward trend (P=0.038, 0.024). Logistic regression analysis showed that, in addition to age and economic source, 30 s arm curl times and BMI were the risk factors of multimorbidity (P<0.05). Conclusions The levels of aerobic capacity, muscle strength and motor agility/dynamic balance in the elderly patients with multimorbidity are lower than those without multimorbidityy. Age, economic source, obesity and upper limb strength show influence on the incidence of multimorbidity in the elderly.

Key words: multimorbidity, physical function, aged, physical fitness

中图分类号:

R592

徐静, 李娇娇, 陈雅, 王丽. 社区老年人功能性体适能现状及与慢性病共病的相关性分析[J]. 实用老年医学, 2022, 36(9): 897-901.

XU Jing, LI Jiao-jiao, CHEN Ya, WANG Li. Investigation of functional fitness and the relationship with multimorbidity in the elderly[J]. Practical Geriatrics, 2022, 36(9): 897-901.

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