老年呼吸道病毒感染合并血液系统紊乱研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2026.02.020

实用老年医学 ›› 2026, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (2): 206-210.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2026.02.020

老年呼吸道病毒感染合并血液系统紊乱研究进展

姚子童, 党小宇, 范浩玲, 朱相瑜, 黄菁菁, 冯旰珠

210031 江苏省南京市,南京医科大学第四附属医院老年医学科(姚子童,范浩玲,黄菁菁);
211166 江苏省南京市,南京医科大学(党小宇,朱相瑜);
210011 江苏省南京市,南京医科大学第二附属医院呼吸与危重症医学科(冯旰珠)

收稿日期:2025-07-31 出版日期:2026-02-20 发布日期:2026-02-27
通讯作者: 冯旰珠,Email:fgz62691@163.com
基金资助:
江苏省老年健康科研项目(LKM2024023)

Research advances in hematologic impairments combined with respiratory viral infections in the elderly

YAO Zitong, DANG Xiaoyu, FAN Haoling, ZHU Xiangyu, HUANG Jingjing, FENG Ganzhu

Department of Geriatrics,the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210031, China (YAO Zitong, FAN Haoling, HUANG Jingjing);
Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China (DANG Xiaoyu, ZHU Xiangyu);
Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, China (FENG Ganzhu)

Received:2025-07-31 Online:2026-02-20 Published:2026-02-27
Contact: FENG Ganzhu, Email: fgz62691@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本文系统综述老年呼吸道病毒感染合并血液系统紊乱的研究进展。文中重点归纳了流感病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒及新型冠状病毒所致白细胞异常、血小板减少、贫血与进行性凝血功能紊乱等核心血液学改变,并分析了其与免疫衰老、慢性炎症状态的关联机制,得出这些血液异常并非孤立现象,它们与细胞因子风暴共同作用,可能迅速演变为弥散性血管内凝血,甚至诱发继发性噬血细胞综合征等致命并发症。最后,本文提出应将早期、动态的血液学指标监测确立为老年呼吸道病毒感染管理的临床优先路径,并建议未来研究应致力于阐明免疫衰老与病毒相互作用的具体机制,以构建针对老年人群的个体化诊疗与分层干预策略。

关键词: 呼吸道病毒, 凝血功能紊乱, 免疫衰老, 老年人, 血液学指标

Abstract: This review systematically outlines recent advances in understanding hematological disorders combined with respiratory viral infections in the elderly. It summarizes core hematological abnormalities—including leukocyte irregularities, thrombocytopenia, anemia, and progressive coagulation dysfunction—induced by influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, and SARS-CoV-2, and analyzes their relationships with immunosenescence and chronic inflammatory states. These hematologic alterations do not occur in isolation; rather, in concert with cytokine storm, they can rapidly evolve into disseminated intravascular coagulation or even trigger fatal complications such as secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Finally, it emphasizes that early and dynamic hematological monitoring should be established as a clinical priority in the management of elderly patients with respiratory viral infections. Future research should focus on elucidating the specific mechanisms of virus-immunosenescence interactions to facilitate the development of stratified management and personalized treatment strategies for the aging population.

Key words: respiratory viral, coagulation dysfunction, immunosenescence, aged, hematology indices

中图分类号:

R 56

姚子童, 党小宇, 范浩玲, 朱相瑜, 黄菁菁, 冯旰珠. 老年呼吸道病毒感染合并血液系统紊乱研究进展[J]. 实用老年医学, 2026, 40(2): 206-210.

YAO Zitong, DANG Xiaoyu, FAN Haoling, ZHU Xiangyu, HUANG Jingjing, FENG Ganzhu. Research advances in hematologic impairments combined with respiratory viral infections in the elderly[J]. Practical Geriatrics, 2026, 40(2): 206-210.

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老年呼吸道病毒感染合并血液系统紊乱研究进展

Research advances in hematologic impairments combined with respiratory viral infections in the elderly

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