实用老年医学

实用老年医学 ›› 2021, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (12): 1284-1287.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2021.12.019

• 临床研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

肺炎疫苗、流感疫苗单独接种与联合接种对老年慢性病人群呼吸系统疾病的干预效果对比

冯晓蕾, 李莉, 朱玫玉   

  1. 210009 江苏省南京市,江苏省疾病预防控制中心疫苗管理科(冯晓蕾);
    性病艾滋病防制所(李莉);
    210024 江苏省南京市,南京医科大学附属老年医院心血管内科(朱玫玉)
  • 收稿日期:2021-04-23 出版日期:2021-12-20 发布日期:2021-12-28
  • 通讯作者: 朱玫玉,Email:zhumy1202@163.com

Comparison of the intervention effect of combination of pneumonia vaccine and influenza vaccine on respiratory diseases in the elderly patients with chronic diseases

FENG Xiao-lei, LI Li, ZHU Mei-yu   

  1. FENG Xiao-lei. Department ofVaccine Management Section; LI Li. Department of STD and HIV/AIDS Control and Preuention, Jiangsu. Prowincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, China;
    ZHU Mei-yu. Departmenl of Cardiology, Geriatric Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210024，China
  • Received:2021-04-23 Online:2021-12-20 Published:2021-12-28

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摘要： 目的 对比肺炎疫苗、流感疫苗单独接种与联合接种对老年慢性病人群呼吸系统疾病的干预效果。 方法 2017年8月至2019年8月,选取150例符合接种条件且在江苏省疾病预防控制中心预防接种门诊部接种疫苗的老年慢性病人群(年龄≥60岁),按照疫苗接种先后顺序分为3组,肺炎疫苗组50例仅进行肺炎疫苗单独接种;流感疫苗组50例仅进行流感疫苗单独接种;联合接种组50例给予肺炎疫苗、流感疫苗联合接种。比较3组疫苗接种后病人就诊及住院情况、不良反应发生情况以及肺炎、流感发生情况。 结果 联合接种组的减少就诊数、减少住院数高于肺炎疫苗组以及流感疫苗组,住院时间短于肺炎疫苗组以及流感疫苗组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。3组的不良反应总发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。肺炎疫苗组、联合接种组的肺炎发生率均低于流感疫苗组(P＜0.05),流感疫苗组、联合接种组的流感发生率均低于肺炎疫苗组(P＜0.05)。 结论 进行肺炎疫苗、流感疫苗联合接种,能显著降低老年慢性病人群呼吸系统疾病就诊率、住院率,缩短住院时间,有效防范肺炎、流感的发生,且不良反应少。

关键词: 肺炎疫苗, 流感疫苗, 联合接种, 老年人, 慢性病, 干预效果

Abstract: Objective To compare the intervention effect of pneumonia vaccine and influenza vaccine on respiratory diseases in the elderly patients with chronic diseases. Methods From August 2017 to August 2019, a total of 150 elderly patients with chronic diseases(aged ≥ 60 years) who met the vaccination criteria were vaccinated in the Preventive Medicine Outpatient Department of Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention. They were divided into 3 groups according to the vaccination orders. Of them, 50 cases in pneumonia vaccine group were only inoculated with pneumonia vaccine, 50 cases in influenza vaccine group were only inoculated with influenza vaccine, while 50 cases in combined vaccination group were inoculated with both vaccines. The treatment and hospitalization, the occurrence rate of adverse reactions, pneumonia and influenza were compared among the three groups. Results Compared with pneumonia vaccine group and influenza vaccine group, the combined inoculation group had more reduced numbers of visit, hospitalization and shorter duration of hospitalization (all P<0.05). The difference of total adverse reaction incidence was not significant among the three groups(P＞0.05). The incidence of pneumonia in the pneumonia vaccine group and the combined inoculation group was lower than that in the influenza vaccine group (P<0.05); While the incidence of influenza in the influenza vaccine group and the combined inoculation group was lower than that in the pneumonia vaccine group (P<0.05). Conclusions The combined inoculation of pneumonia vaccine and influenza vaccine can significantly reduce the visiting rate and hospitalization rate of respiratory system diseases among the elderly patients with chronic diseases, which can shorten the hospitalization duration and prevent the occurrence of pneumonia and influenza effectively with low adverse reaction rate.

Key words: pneumonia vaccine, influenza vaccine, combined vaccination, aged, chronic disease, intervention effect

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