[1] PARK Y J, LEE E J, LEE Y J, et al. Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is not associated with metabolic derangement, cognitive impairment, depression or poor quality of life (QoL) in elderly subjects[J]. Arch Gerontol Geriatr, 2010, 50(3): e68-73.
[2] WARING A C, HARRISON S, SAMUELS M H, et al. Thyroid function and mortality in older men: a prospective study[J]. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2012, 97(3):862-870.
[3] BREMNER A P, FEDDEMA P, LEEDMAN P J, et al. Age-related changes in thyroid function: a longitudinal study of a community-based cohort[J]. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2012, 97(5): 1554-1562.
[4] Peeters R P. Subclinical hypothyroidism[J]. N Engl J Med, 2017, 376(26): 2556-2565.
[5] BENSENOR I M, OLMOS R D, LOTUFO P A. Hypothyroidism in the elderly: diagnosis and management[J]. Clin Interv Aging, 2012, 7: 97-111.
[6] ZHAI X, ZHANG L, CHEN L, et al. An age-specific serum thyrotropin reference range for the diagnosis of thyroid diseases in older adults: a cross-sectional survey in China[J]. Thyroid, 2018, 28(12): 1571-1579.
[7] BIONDI B, CAPPOLA A R, COOPER D S. Subclinical hypothyroidism: A review[J]. JAMA, 2019, 322(2): 153-160.
[8] VARGAS-URICOECHEA H, BONELO-PERDOMO A, SIERRA-TORRES C H. Effects of subclinical thyroid dysfunction on the heart[J]. Ann Intern Med, 2002, 137(11):904-914.
[9] BIONDI B, COOPER D S. The clinical significance of subclinical thyroid dysfunction[J]. Endocr Rev, 2008, 29(1): 76-131.
[10]OWEN P J, SABIT R, LAZARUS J H. Thyroid disease and vascular function[J]. Thyroid, 2007,17(6):519-524.
[11]RAY K K, KASTELEIN J J, BOEKHOLDT S M, et al. The ACC/AHA 2013 guideline on the treatment of blood cholesterol to reduce atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk in adults: the good the bad and the uncertain: a comparison with ESC/EAS guidelines for the management of dyslipidaemias 2011[J]. Eur Heart J, 2014, 35(15): 960-968.
[12]LIU X L, HE S, ZHANG S F, et al. Alteration of lipid profile in subclinical hypothyroidism: a meta-analysis[J]. Med Sci Monit, 2014, 20: 1432-1441.
[13]GAO N, ZHANG W, ZHANG Y Z, et al. Carotid intima-media thickness in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism: a meta-analysis[J]. Atherosclerosis, 2013, 227(1): 18-25.
[14]AZIZ M, KANDIMALLA Y, MACHAVARAPU A, et al. Effect of thyroxin treatment on carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) reduction in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH): a meta-analysis of clinical trials[J]. J Atheroscler Thromb, 2017, 24(7): 643-659.
[15]NANCHEN D, GUSSEKLOO J, WESTENDORP R G, et al. Subclinical thyroid dysfunction and the risk of heart failure in older persons at high cardiovascular risk[J]. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2012, 97(3): 852-861.
[16]GENCER B, COLLET T H, VIRGINI V, et al. Subclinical thyroid dysfunction and the risk of heart failure events: an individual participant data analysis from 6 prospective cohorts[J]. Circulation, 2012, 126(9): 1040-1049.
[17]THAYAKARAN R, ADDERLEY N J, SAINSBURY C, et al. Thyroid replacement therapy, thyroid stimulating hormone concentrations, and long term health outcomes in patients with hypothyroidism: longitudinal study[J]. BMJ, 2019, 366: l4892.
[18]TAN Z S, BEISER A, VASAN R S, et al. Thyroid function and the risk of Alzheimer disease: the Framingham Study [J]. Arch Intern Med, 2008, 168(14): 1514-1520.
[19]DE JONG F J, DEN HEIJER T, VISSER T J, et al. Thyroid hormones, dementia, and atrophy of the medial temporal lobe[J]. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2006, 91(7): 2569-2573.
[20]PASQUALETTI G, PAGANO G, RENGO G, et al. Subclinical hypothyroidism and cognitive impairment: systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2015, 100(11): 4240-4248.
[21]BLUM M R, BAUER D C, COLLET T H, et al. Subclinical thyroid dysfunction and fracture risk: a meta-analysis[J]. JAMA, 2015, 313(20): 2055-2065.
[22]SEGNA D, BAUER D C, FELLER M, et al. Association between subclinical thyroid dysfunction and change in bone mineral density in prospective cohorts[J]. J Intern Med, 2018, 283(1): 56-72.
[23]VIRGINI V S, WIJSMAN L W, RODONDI N, et al. Subclinical thyroid dysfunction and functional capacity among elderly[J]. Thyroid, 2014, 24(2):208-214.
[24]DONG X, YAO Z, HU Y, et al. Potential harmful correlation between homocysteine and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in patients with hypothyroidism[J]. Medicine: Baltimore, 2016, 95(29): e4291.
[25]SURKS M I, HOLLOWELL J G. Age-specific distribution of serum thyrotropin and antithyroid antibodies in the US population: implications for the prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism[J]. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2007, 92(12):4575-4582.
[26]STOTT D J, RODONDI N, BAUER D C, et al. Thyroid hormone therapy for older adults with subclinical hypothyroidism[J]. N Engl J Med, 2017, 376(26):2534-2544.
[27]FELLER M, SNEL M, MOUTZOURI E, et al. Association of thyroid hormone therapy with quality of life and thyroid-related symptoms in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. JAMA, 2018, 320(13): 1349-1359.
[28]BLUM M R, GENCER B, ADAM L, et al. Impact of thyroid hormone therapy on atherosclerosis in the elderly with subclinical hypothyroidism: a randomized trial[J]. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2018, 103(8): 2988-2997.
[29]RAZVI S, WEAVER J U, BUTLER T J, et al. Levothyroxine treatment of subclinical hypothyroidism, fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular events, and mortality[J]. Arch Intern Med, 2012, 172(10): 811-817.
[30]ANDERSEN M N, OLSEN A M, MADSEN J C, et al. Levothyroxine substitution in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism and the risk of myocardial infarction and mortality[J]. PLoS One, 2015, 10(6):e0129793.
[31]MOOIJAART S P, DU PUY R S, STOTT D J, et al. Association between levothyroxine treatment and thyroid-related symptoms among adults aged 80 years and older with subclinical hypothyroidism[J]. JAMA, 2019, 322(20): 1-11.
[32]FLYNN R W, BONELLIE S R, JUNG R T, et al. Serum thyroid-stimulating hormone concentration and morbidity from cardiovascular disease and fractures in patients on long-term thyroxine therapy[J]. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2010, 95(1): 186-193.
[33]JONKLAAS J, BIANCO A C, BAUER A J, et al. Guidelines for the treatment of hypothyroidism: prepared by the american thyroid association task force on thyroid hormone replacement[J]. Thyroid, 2014, 24(12): 1670-751.
[34]Drinka P. Subclinical hypothyroidism in a bi-ethnic, urban community[J]. J Am Geriatr Soc, 2000,48(2):233-234.
[35]PEARCE S H, BRABANT G, DUNTAS L H, et al. 2013 ETA Guideline: management of subclinical hypothyroidism[J]. Eur Thyroid J, 2013, 2(4): 215-228.
[36]IMAIZUMI M, SERA N, UEKI I, et al. Risk for progression to overt hypothyroidism in an elderly Japanese population with subclinical hypothyroidism[J]. Thyroid, 2011, 21(11):1177-1182.
[37]SOMWARU L L, RARIY C M, ARNOLD A M, et al. The natural history of subclinical hypothyroidism in the elderly: the cardiovascular health study[J]. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 2012, 97(6): 1962-1969. |
