Otago 运动方案改善老年住院衰弱及衰弱前期患者衰弱状态与躯体功能的随机对照研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2026.03.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的探讨12周Otago运动方案(OEP)对老年住院衰弱及衰弱前期患者衰弱程度、跌倒风险、平衡能力、步态功能、下肢功能及体成分的影响。方法采用区组随机法,纳入在四川大学华西医院住院的110例老年衰弱及衰弱前期患者,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组 55例。对照组接受常规护理及健康教育;观察组在常规护理基础上实施12周OEP。观察并比较干预前和干预 12 周后2组的FRAIL衰弱量表评分、跌倒风险评分、Tinetti评分、简易体能状况评估量表(SPPB)评分及体成分指标。结果干预12周后,观察组FRAIL评分、跌倒风险评分及均体脂肪含量均明显低于对照组(P<0.05),Tinetti评分、SPPB评分、骨骼肌含量均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 OEP可有效改善老年住院衰弱及衰弱前期患者的衰弱状态,降低跌倒风险,并提升平衡能力与肌肉含量,是优化住院老年患者衰弱管理的有效综合策略。

关键词: 老年人, 住院, 衰弱, Otago运动, 躯体功能

Abstract: Objective To explore the effects of 12-week Otago exercise program (OEP) on frailty degree, fall risk, balance ability, gait function, lower limb function, and body composition in the elderly inpatients with frailty or pre-frailty. Methods A total of 110 elderly patients with frailty and pre-frailty who were hospitalized in West China Hospital of Sichuan University were enrolled in the study. They were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, with 55 cases in each group. The control group received routine nursing care and health education; the observation group underwent 12 weeks of OEP in addition to routine nursing care. The scores of FRAIL scale, fall risk score, Tinetti score, Simple Physical Performance Bureau (SPPB) score and body composition index were observed and compared between the two groups before and after 12 weeks of intervention. Results After 12 weeks of intervention, the scores of FRAIL scale and fall risk and the fat content of the body in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05); The Tinetti score, SPPB score, and skeletal muscle mass in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions OEP can effectively improve the frailty status of elderly patients with frailty or pre-frailty, reduce the risk of falls, and enhance balance ability and muscle mass, which is an effective comprehensive strategy for optimizing the management of frail elderly inpatients.

Key words: aged, inpatient, frailty, Otago exercise, physical function

中图分类号:

R 592

范婷泳, 黄兆晶, 彭春兰, 刘红, 王瑶, 刘鑫. Otago 运动方案改善老年住院衰弱及衰弱前期患者衰弱状态与躯体功能的随机对照研究[J]. 实用老年医学, 2026, 40(3): 272-277.

FAN Tingyong, HUANG Zhaojing, PENG Chunlan, LIU Hong, WANG Yao, LIU Xin. A randomized controlled study on Otago exercise program improving frailty status and physical function in elderly inpatients with frailty or pre-frailty[J]. Practical Geriatrics, 2026, 40(3): 272-277.

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