慢性低度炎症与听力障碍的研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2025.06.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 老年性耳聋是老龄化社会面临的重大公共卫生问题,其发病机制涉及慢性低度炎症、氧化应激和代谢紊乱的复杂交互作用。慢性低度炎症是炎症衰老的核心特征之一,表现为无明确感染源的持续性低水平炎症状态,伴随促炎因子(如IL-6、TNF-α、IL-1β)增多,抗炎因子(如IL-10)减少。近年研究表明,老年性耳聋的病理过程与慢性低度炎症密切相关,抗炎治疗策略如哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)抑制剂、纳米载药系统和基因编辑技术展现出潜在治疗价值。本文综述了国内外炎症通路在老年性耳聋中的分子机制、临床关联及治疗策略的最新研究进展,并提出未来需结合多组学技术与靶向递送系统实现临床精准干预的研究前景。

关键词: 老年性耳聋, 炎性衰老, 炎症平衡, 抗炎治疗

Abstract: Presbycusis is a significant public health issue faced by aging societies, with its pathogenesis involving complex interactions among chronic low-grade inflammation, oxidative stress, and metabolic dysregulation. Chronic low-grade inflammation is one of the core features of inflammatory aging, characterized by a persistent low-level inflammatory state without an obvious source of infection, accompanied by elevated pro-inflammatory factors (such as interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-1β) and decreased anti-inflammatory factors (such as interleukin-10). Recent studies have shown a close relationship between the pathological processes of presbycusis and chronic low-grade inflammation, with anti-inflammatory therapeutic strategies, including mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors, nanodrug delivery systems, and gene editing technologies, demonstrating potential therapeutic value. This paper reviews the latest research on the molecular mechanisms, clinical associations, and therapeutic strategies related to inflammatory pathways in presbycusis, and suggests future research prospects that combine multi-omics technologies with targeted delivery systems to achieve precise clinical interventions.

Key words: presbycusis, inflammaging, inflammation balance, anti-inflammatory therapy

中图分类号:

R764.436

邓超维, 刘丹丽, 叶旭军. 慢性低度炎症与听力障碍的研究进展[J]. 实用老年医学, 2025, 39(6): 551-554.

DENG Chaowei, LIU Danli, YE Xujun. Inflammation and common geriatric syndromes: research progress with a focus on hearing impairment[J]. Practical Geriatrics, 2025, 39(6): 551-554.

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