社区认知衰弱老年人抑郁现状及影响因素分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2025.05.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的探讨社区老年认知衰弱人群的抑郁现状及其影响因素。方法采用便利抽样的方法,选取2023年7—12月来自北京市6个社区的认知衰弱老年人为研究对象,采用MoCA量表、Fried衰弱量表评估认知衰弱,采用老年抑郁量表(geriatric depression scale,GDS-15)评估抑郁状况,记录受试者的性别、年龄、婚姻、文化程度、经济水平、居住方式、共病情况、睡眠质量、社会支持、营养状况、日常生活活动能力(ADL)、孤独情况。采用多因素logistic回归分析社区认知衰弱老年人抑郁的影响因素。结果共发放问卷539份,回收有效问卷529份,问卷有效回收率为98.14%。529例认知衰弱老年人的GDS-15平均得分为(3.4±2.0)分,其中抑郁者128例(24.2%)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,ADL、睡眠质量、孤独是社区认知衰弱老年人抑郁的独立影响因素。结论社区认知衰弱老年人的抑郁状况不容忽视,ADL、睡眠质量、孤独是抑郁的独立影响因素。

关键词: 认知衰弱, 抑郁, 老年人, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To explore the current status of depression and its influencing factors among the elderly with cognitive frailty in the community. Methods A convenience sampling method was used to select elderly individuals with cognitive frailty from six communities in Beijing as the subjects of the study from July to December 2023. Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) combined with Fried frailty phenotype was used to assess cognitive frailty, and the geriatric depression scale (GDS-15) was used to assess depressive status. Basic information of the subjects including gender, age, marital status, education level, economic status, living situation, comorbidity, sleep quality, social support, nutritional status, activities of daily living and loneliness was recorded. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of depression in the community elderly with cognitive frailty. Results A total of 539 questionnaires were distributed and 529 valid questionnaires were collected, with an effective response rate of 98.15%. Among the 529 elderly individuals with cognitive frailty, 128(24.2%) presented with depression,and the average GDS-15 score was 3.4±2.0. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that ability of daily living, sleep quality, and loneliness were independent influencing factors of depression in the community elderly with cognitive frailty. Conclusions The depressive status of the community elderly with cognitive frailty is not optimistic. Ability of daily living,sleep quality and loneliness are independent influencing factors for depression in the population.

Key words: cognitive frailty, depression, aged, influencing factor

中图分类号:

R 749

霍晓鹏, 李洋, 赵亚芳, 李超跃, 赖小星. 社区认知衰弱老年人抑郁现状及影响因素分析[J]. 实用老年医学, 2025, 39(5): 477-481.

HUO Xiaopeng, LI Yang, ZHAO Yafang, LI Chaoyue, LAI Xiaoxing. Current status and influencing factors of depression in the community elderly with cognitive frailty[J]. Practical Geriatrics, 2025, 39(5): 477-481.

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