老年综合评估在老年转移性食管癌患者中的应用

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2026.10.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 随着我国人口老龄化进程加速,食管癌在老年人群中发病率逐年上升。老年患者常伴有多种合并症,对常规抗肿瘤治疗的耐受性差,单纯依据年龄和美国东部肿瘤协作组(ECOG)体能状态评分难以全面反映其真实生理储备及治疗承受能力。老年综合评估(CGA)通过多维度评价老年患者功能状态、认知、营养、合并症、心理及社会支持情况,可识别常规评估遗漏的隐匿性功能障碍,预测化疗相关毒性,并指导个体化治疗强度选择与全程管理。本文就CGA的组成与筛查工具、老年转移性食管癌患者的老年综合征特点、CGA在临床决策中的应用价值进行综述,同时分析其临床应用局限及未来发展方向,以期为老年食管癌的规范化综合管理提供循证参考。

关键词: 食管肿瘤, 肿瘤转移, 老年人, 老年综合评估, 多学科诊疗

Abstract: With the acceleration of population aging in China, the incidence of esophageal cancer among older adults is rising annually. Geriatric patients often present with multiple comorbidities and geriatric syndromes, leading to poor tolerance to conventional anti-tumor therapies. However, relying solely on age and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status cannot fully capture their actual physiological reserve or treatment tolerance. Comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) conducts multidimensional evaluation of functional status, cognition, nutrition, comorbidities, psychology, and social support to identify occult functional impairments missed by routine assessment, predict chemotherapy-related toxicity, and inform individualized treatment intensity selection and whole-course management. This review summarizes the core domains and screening tools of CGA, geriatric syndrome characteristics in older adults with metastatic esophageal cancer, and the value of CGA in clinical selection, as well as its current clinical limitations and future directions. The aim is to provide a scientific, standardized, and age-appropriate comprehensive management pathway for older adults with metastatic esophageal cancer.

Key words: esophageal neoplasms, neoplasm metastasis, aged, comprehensive geriatric assessment, multidisciplinary care

中图分类号:

R735.1

黄宇辰, 徐同鹏. 老年综合评估在老年转移性食管癌患者中的应用[J]. 实用老年医学, 2026, 40(10): 987-991.

HUANG Yuchen, XU Tongpeng. Comprehensive geriatric assessment in older adults with metastatic esophageal cancer[J]. Practical Geriatrics, 2026, 40(10): 987-991.

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