老年带状疱疹临床特征及带状疱疹后遗神经痛危险因素分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2026.05.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的探讨老年带状疱疹患者的临床特征及其后遗神经痛(postherpetic neuralgia,PHN)的危险因素。方法回顾性收集2024年5月至2025年5月南京医科大学第二附属医院皮肤科住院治疗的239例≥60岁带状疱疹患者的临床资料,并通过单因素分析及多因素logistic回归分析探讨PHN的危险因素。结果住院老年带状疱疹患者平均年龄为(71.78±8.33)岁,治疗后41例(17.15%)出现PHN。单因素分析显示不同年龄、皮疹严重程度、免疫抑制剂用药史、急性期疼痛、血红蛋白和白蛋白水平的患者PHN发生率差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,年龄70～79岁、免疫抑制剂用药史、急性期重度疼痛、低血红蛋白、低白蛋白是发生PHN的独立危险因素。结论老年带状疱疹患者PHN发生率高,高龄、免疫抑制剂用药史、急性期重度疼痛、低血红蛋白、低白蛋白的患者可能更容易发生PHN。临床上应加强识别PHN的危险因素,早期进行规范与合理治疗。

关键词: 老年人, 带状疱疹, 临床特征, 带状疱疹后遗神经痛, 危险因素

Abstract: Objective To explore the clinical characteristics of elderly patients with herpes zoster and the risk factors for postherpetic neuralgia (PHN). Methods The clinical data of 239 patients over 60 years old with herpes zoster admitted to Department of Dermatology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from May 2024 to May 2025 were retrospectively analyzed. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to explore the risk factors for PHN in elderly patients with herpes zoster. Results The average age of elderly inpatients with herpes zoster was (71.78±8.33) years old. 41 cases (17.15%)developed PHN after treatment. Univariate analysis showed that there were statistical differences in the incidence of PHN among patients with different ages, severity of skin lesions, history of immunosuppressive medication, acute pain, and levels of hemoglobin and albumin (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age range of 70-79 years old, history of immunosuppressive medication, severe pain in acute stage, low hemoglobin level and low albumin level were the main risk factors for PHN. Conclusions The incidence of PHN is high in elderly patients with herpes zoster. Patients with older age, history of immunosuppression, severe pain in acute stage, low hemoglobin level and low albumin level may be more likely to experience PHN. It is necessary to identify risk factors for PHN and provide standardized and reasonable treatment in the early stage.

Key words: aged, herpes zoster, clinical characteristic, postherpetic neuralgia, risk factor

中图分类号:

R 752.12

徐丽贤, 张瑞华, 代子佳, 马欣欣, 靳彬, 郑娜娜, 周倩扬, 张瑞丽. 老年带状疱疹临床特征及带状疱疹后遗神经痛危险因素分析[J]. 实用老年医学, 2026, 40(5): 510-513.

XU Lixian, ZHANG Ruihua, DAI Zijia, MA Xinxin, JIN Bin, ZHENG Nana, ZHOU Qianyang, ZHANG Ruili. Clinical characteristics of elderly patients with herpes zoster and risk factors for postherpetic neuralgia[J]. Practical Geriatrics, 2026, 40(5): 510-513.

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