家庭固体燃料使用与中国老年人运动认知风险综合征的关联研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2025.11.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的探讨家庭固体燃料使用与中国老年人运动认知风险综合征(motoric cognitive risk syndrome,MCR)的关联。方法基于横断面设计,使用中国健康与养老追踪调查(China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study,CHARLS)数据库,纳入1 040对60岁及以上老年夫妻。家庭固体燃料包括用于取暖和(或)烹饪的煤炭、蜂窝煤、秸秆及柴火等。排除认知障碍和运动功能障碍后,同时存在步态缓慢和主观认知功能减退的老年人被认为患有MCR。采用logistic回归模型评估家庭固体燃料使用与家户内部夫妻双方MCR患病情况及个体MCR之间的关联。结果在2 080名研究对象(1 040对夫妻)中,共有264名(12.69%)存在MCR,夫妻均无MCR、仅丈夫患MCR、仅妻子患MCR以及夫妻均患MCR的占比分别为78.37%、8.46%、9.42%和3.75%。相较于清洁燃料,使用固体燃料进行烹饪可增加农村地区家户人群MCR的患病风险(OR=1.41,95%CI:1.01~1.96);取暖、烹饪均使用固体燃料同样与农村地区家户人群患MCR相关(OR=1.92,95%CI:1.12~3.27);在城市地区家户人群中均未发现显著关联(P>0.05)。在家庭内部,使用固体燃料进行烹饪的家户妻子的MCR患病风险相较于清洁燃料组更高(OR=1.56,95%CI:1.03~2.35);取暖、烹饪均使用固体燃料与家户妻子MCR患病之间存在显著关联(OR=1.93,95%CI:1.08~3.45);在家户丈夫中均未观察到显著关联(P>0.05)。结论在中国家庭内,固体燃料使用与家户妻子的MCR患病风险存在关联。

关键词: 固体燃料, 家庭空气污染, 运动认知风险综合征, 老年人

Abstract: Objective To explore the association between household solid fuel use and motoric cognitive risk syndrome (MCR) among the elderly population in China. Methods Based on a cross-sectional design, a total of 1 040 couples aged 60 years and above enrolled in the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) were analyzed. Household solid fuels included coal, crop residue, and wood burning for heating and/or cooking. After excluding cognitive impairment and mobility disabilities, the individuals presenting with both slow gait and subjective cognitive decline were considered to have MCR. Logistic regression model was applied to assess the association between household solid fuel use and MCR prevalence in both spouses and individual MCR. Results Among 2 080 participants (1 040 couples), a total of 264 (12.69%) participants had MCR. The proportions of both spouses without MCR, husband-only MCR, wife-only MCR and both spouses with MCR were 78.37%, 8.46%, 9.42% and 3.75%, respectively. Compared with clean fuel, the use of solid fuel for cooking could increase the risk of MCR in rural households (OR=1.41, 95%CI: 1.01-1.96). MCR was also associated with the use of solid fuel for both heating and cooking in rural households (OR=1.92, 95%CI: 1.12－3.27), whereas no significant association was found in urban households (P>0.05). Within the household, wives who used solid fuel for cooking had a higher risk of MCR (OR=1.56, 95%CI: 1.03－2.35) than those who used clean fuel. MCR was also significantly associated with solid fuel use for both heating and cooking (OR=1.93, 95%CI: 1.08－3.45) among wives, while no above significant association was observed among husbands (P>0.05). Conclusions In Chinese households, solid fuel use is associated with the risk of MCI among wives.

Key words: solid fuel, household air pollution, motoric cognitive risk syndrome, aged

中图分类号:

R 592

吴静, 周佳丽, 朱璇, 应佳瑶, 吴冰, 姜申, 单诗怡, 孙炜迪, 查金典, 宋培歌. 家庭固体燃料使用与中国老年人运动认知风险综合征的关联研究[J]. 实用老年医学, 2025, 39(11): 1102-1108.

WU Jing, ZHOU Jiali, ZHU Xuan, YING Jiayao, WU Bing, JIANG Shen, SHAN Shiyi, SUN Weidi, ZHA Jindian, SONG Peige. Association between household solid fuel use and motoric cognitive risk syndrome among Chinese elderly population[J]. Practical Geriatrics, 2025, 39(11): 1102-1108.

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