实用老年医学

实用老年医学 ›› 2022, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (2): 150-153.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2022.02.011

• 临床研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

社区老年人群咀嚼能力与轻度认知障碍的关系研究

吴晓华, 邱勋定, 刘凯, 高照, 张堃, 卢少泉, 胡安全, 王春苗   

  1. 570311 海南省海口市,海南省人民医院老年医学中心(吴晓华,刘凯,高照,张堃,卢少泉,胡安全,王春苗);口腔医学中心(邱勋定)
  • 收稿日期:2021-03-20 出版日期:2022-02-20 发布日期:2022-02-28
  • 基金资助:
    2020年海南省卫生健康行业科研项目(20A200502)

Relationship between masticatory ability and mild cognitive impairment of elderly in community

WU Xiao-hua, QIU Xun-ding, LIU Kai, GAO Zhao, ZHANG Kun, LU Shao-quan, HU An-quan, WANG Chun-miao   

  1. WU Xiao-hua, LIU Kai, GAO Zhao, ZHANG Kun, LU Shao-quan, HU An-quan, WANG Chun-miao. Center of Geriatrics; QIU Xun-ding. Center of Stomatology, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou 570311, China
  • Received:2021-03-20 Online:2022-02-20 Published:2022-02-28

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摘要： 目的 调查社区老年人群轻度认知障碍(MCI)的患病率及MCI与咀嚼能力的关系。 方法 在海口市210个城乡社区中共抽取2950例年龄≥60岁的老年人参与横断面研究。由接受过培训的护士进行面对面访谈,收集参与者社会人口学特征,评估其日常生活活动能力(ADL)、营养状况及咀嚼能力。采用MoCA和MMSE量表对研究对象认知水平进行评估。 结果 2950例参与者的中位年龄为81.5岁(70~102岁),67.8%为女性。MCI有590例(20%)。MCI组年龄、女性占比较非MCI组高(P＜0.001),ADL、营养状态、咀嚼能力较非MCI组差(均P＜0.05)。多因素Logistic 回归分析显示,年龄和咀嚼能力是社区老年人群MCI的独立影响因素(P＜0.05)。结论 社区老年人群MCI的患病率约为20%,咀嚼能力差与MCI有关。

关键词: 社区老年人, 咀嚼能力, 轻度认知障碍, 患病率

Abstract: Objective To investigate the prevalence of mild depressive disorder(MCI) and to analyze the relationship between MCI and masticatory ability in the community elderly. Methods A total of 2950 elderly people aged 60 years old and over were selected from 210 urban and rural communities in Haikou City to participate in the cross-sectional study. The masticatory ability of all cases was assessed by discolored gum based on chewing effect. Cognitive impairment was assessed by Montreal cognitive assessment(MoCA) and mini-mental state examination(MMSE). Socio-demographic characteristics, activities of daily living(ADL) and mini-nutritional assessment(MNA) were also analyzed. Results The median age of the subjects was 81.5 years old(70-102 years old), of which 67.8% were women, and 590(20%) presented with MCI. The age and the proportion of women in cases with MCI were higher, and the levels of ADL, masticatory ability and nutritional status were lower than those without MCI(P <0.001). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age and masticatory ability were independent influencing factors of MCI in the community elderly(P<0.05). Conclusions The prevalence rate of MCI in community elderly is about 20%, and the poor masticatory ability is related to MCI.

Key words: community elderly, masticatory ability, mild cognitive impairment, prevalence

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