巨噬细胞在老年主动脉瓣钙化疾病中的作用研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2026.07.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 主动脉瓣钙化疾病(CAVD)是当前发达国家中排在冠心病和高血压之后的第三大常见心血管疾病,在65岁以上的老年人群中具有极高的发病率与致死率。最新研究表明,巨噬细胞在CAVD的进展中起关键作用。本文总结了巨噬细胞在CAVD中跨越胚层界限向间质细胞的转化、巨噬细胞与瓣膜间质细胞之间的双向通讯、自体瓣膜钙化与生物瓣膜衰败中巨噬细胞始动机制的差异,以及钙化瓣膜中巨噬细胞极化调控靶点等方面的研究进展。最后,本文提出瓣膜钙化是立体且可调控的过程,未来还应加强对巨噬细胞影响瓣膜钙化机制的进一步研究,寻找CAVD非手术治疗靶点及抗衰败生物瓣膜材料研发的新方向。

关键词: 主动脉瓣钙化疾病, 巨噬细胞, 间质细胞, 生物瓣膜

Abstract: Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is currently the third most common cardiovascular disease in developed countries, following coronary heart disease and hypertension, with a high incidence rate and fatality rate among the elderly population aged ≥65 years old. Recent studies have shown that macrophages play a key role in the progression of CAVD. This article summarizes the research progress on the macrophage-to-mesenchymal transition in CAVD, bidirectional communication between macrophages and valve mesenchymal cells, the initiation mechanism of macrophages in autologous valve calcification and bioprosthetic valve failure, as well as the regulatory target of macrophage polarization in calcified valves. Finally, this article proposes that valvular calcification is a stereoscopic and regulatable process, future research should be strengthened on the mechanisms by which macrophages influence valvular calcification, aiming to identify non-surgical therapeutic targets for CAVD and explore new directions for the development of anti-degeneration bioprosthetic valve materials.

Key words: calcific aortic valve disease, macrophages, mesenchymal cells, bioprosthetic valve

中图分类号:

R 542.52

冯涵超, 周景昕, 唐义虎, 吴延虎. 巨噬细胞在老年主动脉瓣钙化疾病中的作用研究进展[J]. 实用老年医学, 2026, 40(7): 736-740.

FENG Hanchao, ZHOU Jingxin, TANG Yihu, WU Yanhu. Research progress on macrophages in calcific aortic valve disease in the elderly[J]. Practical Geriatrics, 2026, 40(7): 736-740.

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