神经外科术后老年机械通气患者谵妄多元化非药物干预方案的构建及应用研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2026.06.019

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的构建神经外科术后老年机械通气患者谵妄多元化非药物干预方案,并评价其应用效果。方法通过文献检索和专家函询,构建神经外科术后老年机械通气患者谵妄多元化非药物干预方案。采用非同期对照研究,选取2023年7月1日至2024年3月31日收治的神经外科术后老年机械通气患者45例为对照组,2024年10月1日至2025年6月30日收治的同类患者45例为观察组。观察组患者应用预防谵妄多元化非药物干预方案进行护理,对照组患者应用神经外科危重症常规护理。比较2组患者ICU住院期间谵妄的发生率、机械通气时间、ICU住院时间、镇静药物使用剂量、睡眠质量评分。结果观察组患者谵妄的发生率、镇静药物使用剂量、机械通气时间及ICU住院时间均低于对照组,睡眠质量评分高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(均P＜0.01)。结论该研究构建的神经外科术后老年机械通气患者谵妄多元化非药物干预方案具有科学性和全面性,实施该方案可以显著减少神经外科术后老年机械通气患者谵妄的发生。

关键词: 老年人, 神经外科术后, 机械通气, 谵妄, 非药物干预

Abstract: Objective To construct a diversified non-drug intervention program for delirium in elderly patients undergoing mechanical ventilation after neurosurgery, and to evaluate its application effect. Methods Through literature search and expert consultation, a diversified non-drug intervention program for delirium in elderly patients undergoing mechanical ventilation after neurosurgery was constructed. A non-concurrent controlled study was conducted. A total of 45 elderly patients undergoing mechanical ventilation after neurosurgery from July 1, 2023 to March 31, 2024 were selected as the control group, and 45 similar patients from October 1, 2024 to June 30, 2025 were selected as the observation group. The observation group received diversified non-drug intervention scheme to prevent delirium, while the control group received neurosurgical critical care.The incidence of delirium, duration of mechanical ventilation, length of ICU stay, dosage of sedative drugs and sleep quality score were compared between the two groups. Results The incidence of delirium, dosage of sedative drugs, duration of mechanical ventilation and length of ICU stay in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, and the sleep quality score was higher than that in the control group, with significant differences (P<0.01). Conclusions The diversified non-drug intervention program for delirium in elderly patients receiving mechanical ventilation after neurosurgery is scientific and comprehensive. The implementation of the program can reduce the incidence of delirium.

Key words: aged, post-neurosurgical operation, mechanically ventilation, delirium, non-pharmaceutical intervention

中图分类号:

R 619

倪芳芳, 叶磊, 张颖蓓, 陈家伟, 张瑶瑾, 崔娓. 神经外科术后老年机械通气患者谵妄多元化非药物干预方案的构建及应用研究[J]. 实用老年医学, 2026, 40(6): 640-645.

NI Fangfang, YE Lei, ZHANG Yingbei, CHEN Jiawei, ZHANG Yaojin, CUI Wei. Construction and application of diversified non-drug intervention program for delirium in elderly patients undergoing mechanical ventilation after neurosurgery[J]. Practical Geriatrics, 2026, 40(6): 640-645.

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