实用老年医学 ›› 2025, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (6): 649-656.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2025.06.024
• 专家共识 • 上一篇
霍晓鹏, 孙红, 赖小星, 杜红娣, 李真, 孙锐, 赵亚芳, 杨龙飞, 潘新伟, 宁时安, 朱宏伟, 张志媛, 赵霞, 叶雅雯, 中华护理学会老年护理专业委员会
收稿日期:
2025-02-25
出版日期:
2025-06-20
发布日期:
2025-07-07
通讯作者:
孙红,Email:13911696069@163.com
基金资助:
Received:
2025-02-25
Online:
2025-06-20
Published:
2025-07-07
中图分类号:
霍晓鹏, 孙红, 赖小星, 杜红娣, 李真, 孙锐, 赵亚芳, 杨龙飞, 潘新伟, 宁时安, 朱宏伟, 张志媛, 赵霞, 叶雅雯, 中华护理学会老年护理专业委员会. 衰弱老年住院患者护理专家共识[J]. 实用老年医学, 2025, 39(6): 649-656.
[1] 彭楠, 陈洁, 保志军, 等. 老年衰弱的运动康复干预专家共识[J]. 老年医学与保健, 2024, 30(4): 909-914. [2] 中华医学会老年医学分会, 《中华老年医学杂志》编辑委员会, 杨云梅, 等. 老年人衰弱预防中国专家共识(2022)[J]. 中华老年医学杂志, 2022, 41(5): 503-511. [3] 郝秋奎, 李峻, 董碧蓉, 等. 老年患者衰弱评估与干预中国专家共识[J]. 中华老年医学杂志, 2017, 36(3): 251-256. [4] 王春青, 胡雁. JBI证据预分级及证据推荐级别系统(2014版)[J]. 护士进修杂志, 2015, 30(11): 964-967. [5] FRIED L P, TANGEN C M, WALSTON J, et al. Frailty in older adults: evidence for a phenotype[J]. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 2001, 56(3): M146-M156. [6] MORLEY J E, VELLAS B, VAN KAN G A, et al. Frailty consensus: a call to action[J]. J Am Med Dir Assoc, 2013, 14(6): 392-397. [7] COLLARD R M, BOTER H, SCHOEVERS R A, et al. Prevalence of frailty in community-dwelling older persons: a systematic review[J]. J Am Geriatr Soc, 2012, 60(8): 1487-1492. [8] HE B, MA Y, WANG C, et al. Prevalence and risk factors for frailty among community-dwelling older people in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. J Nutr Health Aging, 2019, 23(5): 442-450. [9] 潘一鸣, 李耘, 马丽娜. 老年人衰弱综合征组学相关生物学标记物的研究进展[J]. 中华老年医学杂志, 2021, 40(9): 1189-1193. [10] 高杰, 张晓, 魏超. 不同性别的高龄老年人衰弱的差异研究[J]. 中华老年医学杂志, 2020, 39(11): 1335-1339. [11] 纪木火, 刘学胜. 老年衰弱患者围术期管理专家意见[J]. 临床麻醉学杂志, 2023, 39(9): 991-997. [12] DAMLUJI A A, CHUNG S E, XUE Q L, et al. Physical frailty phenotype and the development of geriatric syndromes in older adults with coronary heart disease[J]. Am J Med, 2021, 134(5): 662-671.e1. [13] SHMUEL S, LUND J L, ALVAREZ C, et al. Polypharmacy and incident frailty in a longitudinal community-based cohort study[J]. J Am Geriatr Soc, 2019, 67(12): 2482-2489. [14] KAWADA T. Antipsychotic drugs, fracture risk, and frailty in older patients[J]. J Am Med Dir Assoc, 2020, 21(4): 565. [15] RUIZ S J, CEVALLOS V, BASKARAN D, et al. The cross-sectional association of frailty with past and current exposure to strong anticholinergic drugs[J]. Aging Clin Exp Res, 2021, 33(8): 2283-2289. [16] NI LOCHLAINN M, COX N J, WILSON T, et al. Nutrition and frailty: opportunities for prevention and treatment[J]. Nutrients, 2021, 13(7): 2349. [17] ZUGASTI MURILLO A, CASAS HERRERO Á. Frailty syndrome and nutritional status: assessment, prevention and treatment[J]. Nutr Hosp, 2019, 36(Spec No2): 26-37. [18] POURMOTABBED A, BOOZARI B, BABAEI A, et al. Sleep and frailty risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. Sleep Breath, 2020, 24(3): 1187-1197. [19] ZHAO W, ZHANG Y, LIU X, et al. Comorbid depressive and anxiety symptoms and frailty among older adults: Findings from the West China health and aging trend study[J]. J Affect Disord, 2020, 277: 970-976. [20] SCHOUFOUR J D, OVERDEVEST E, WEIJS P J M, et al. Dietary protein, exercise, and frailty domains[J]. Nutrients, 2019, 11(10): 2399. [21] SHIN J, KIM K J, CHOI J. Smoking, alcohol intake, and frailty in older Korean adult men: cross-sectional study with nationwide data[J]. Eur Geriatr Med, 2020, 11(2): 269-277. [22] SIRVEN N, DUMONTET M, RAPP T. The dynamics of frailty and change in socio-economic conditions: evidence for the 65+ in Europe[J]. Eur J Public Health, 2020, 30(4): 715-719. [23] GUO Y, MIAO X, HU J, et al. Summary of best evidence for prevention and management of frailty[J]. Age Ageing, 2024, 53(2): afae011. [24] DENT E, MORLEY J E, CRUZ-JENTOFT A J, et al. Physical frailty: ICFSR international clinical practice guidelines for identification and management[J]. J Nutr Health Aging, 2019, 23(9): 771-787. [25] 盛莉, 王晓娜, 肖文凯, 等. 老年心血管疾病合并衰弱评估与管理中国专家共识[J]. 中华老年多器官疾病杂志, 2023, 22(7): 481-491. [26] 罗宝林, 罗泽槟, 陈森芸, 等. 老年人衰弱预防与延迟或逆转干预的证据总结[J]. 护理学杂志, 2021, 36(14): 32-37. [27] 余姜璇, 单雪琪, 王俊杰, 等. 老年肌少症患者营养管理的最佳证据总结[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2022, 57(18): 2261-2268. [28] LI W, WU Z, LIAO X, et al. Nutritional management interventions and multi-dimensional outcomes in frail and pre-frail older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. Arch Gerontol Geriatr, 2024, 125: 105480. [29] BRENNAN T H, LEWIS L K, GORDON S J, et al. Effectiveness of interventions to prevent or reverse pre-frailty and frailty in middle-aged community dwelling adults: a systematic review[J]. Prev Med, 2024, 185: 108008. [30] LORBERGS A L, PROROK J C, HOLROYD-LEDUC J, et al. Nutrition and physical activity clinical practice guidelines for older adults living with frailty[J]. J Frailty Aging, 2022, 11(1): 3-11. [31] DOMINGUEZ L J, DONAT-VARGAS C, SAYON-OREA C, et al. Rationale of the association between Mediterranean diet and the risk of frailty in older adults and systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. Exp Gerontol, 2023, 177: 112180. [32] COELHO-JUNIOR H J, CALVANI R, PICCA A, et al. Protein intake and frailty in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies[J]. Nutrients, 2022, 14(13): 2767. [33] OGAWA M, SATO Y, NAGANO F, et al. Mineral supplementation in patients with frailty and sarcopenia: a systematic review[J]. Geriatr Gerontol Int, 2024, 24(9): 850-858. [34] THOMSON K, RICE S, ARISA O, et al. Oral nutritional interventions in frail older people who are malnourished or at risk of malnutrition: a systematic review[J]. Health Technol Assess, 2022, 26(51): 1-112. [35] 中国老年护理联盟, 中南大学湘雅护理学院(中南大学湘雅泛海健康管理研究院), 中南大学湘雅医院(国家老年疾病临床医学研究中心), 等. 营养不良老年人非药物干预临床实践指南[J]. 中国全科医学, 2023, 26(17): 2055-2069. [36] 公维军, 张玉梅. 认知衰弱康复中国专家共识2023[J]. 中国医刊, 2023, 58(9): 949-953. [37] 高超, 潘麒羽, 周子一, 等. 抗阻运动防治老年人衰弱的研究进展[J]. 中华老年医学杂志, 2024, 43(6): 662-667. [38] IZQUIERDO M, MERCHANT R A, MORLEY J E, et al. International exercise recommendations in older adults (ICFSR): expert consensus guidelines[J]. J Nutr Health Aging, 2021, 25(7): 824-853. [39] 杨政. 渐进式核心肌力训练对老年人平衡功能的效果[J]. 中国康复理论与实践, 2019, 25(7): 836-839. [40] PROVINCE M A, HADLEY E C, HORNBROOK M C, et al. The effects of exercise on falls in elderly patients. A preplanned meta-analysis of the FICSIT Trials. Frailty and injuries: cooperative studies of intervention techniques[J]. JAMA, 1995, 273(17): 1341-1347. [41] 潘颖, 李伏超. 老年股骨颈骨折术后衰弱的相关因素分析[J]. 实用老年医学, 2020, 34(5): 447-450. [42] FOUNTOTOS R, MUNIR H, AHMAD F, et al. Rationale and design of the TARGET-EFT trial: multicomponent intervention for frail and pre-frail patients hospitalized with acute cardiac conditions[J]. J Nutr Health Aging, 2022, 26(3): 282-289. [43] CHEN H, ZHANG R, YAN K, et al. Comparing the effectiveness of type of the traditional Chinese exercises, frequency, intensity, time in osteoporosis: a protocol for systematic evaluation and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials[J]. BMJ Open, 2022, 12(11): e063878. [44] LUNDBERG K, ELMSTÅHL S, WRANKER L S, et al. The association between physical frailty and cognitive performance in older adults aged 60 to 96 years: data from the “good aging in skåne” (GÅS) Swedish population study[J]. Ann Geriatr Med Res, 2024, 28(3): 330-341. [45] 中国医师协会神经内科医师分会, 认知训练中国指南写作组. 认知训练中国指南(2022年版)[J]. 中华医学杂志, 2022, 102(37):2918-2925. [46] 方伯言, 王丽, 闫天翼. 无创神经调控技术辅助阿尔茨海默病治疗的中国专家共识[J]. 中国神经免疫学和神经病学杂志, 2023, 30(6): 387-394. [47] TAO X, SUN R, HAN C, et al. Cognitive-motor dual task: an effective rehabilitation method in aging-related cognitive impairment[J]. Front Aging Neurosci, 2022, 14: 1051056. [48] 刘岩松, 李莎, 李红玲. 高压氧治疗神经系统疾病所致认知功能障碍的研究进展[J]. 中华航海医学与高气压医学杂志, 2023, 30(2):260-264. [49] 李梦阳. 老年衰弱综合征与认知功能及焦虑抑郁相关性研究[D]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆医科大学, 2020. [50] US Preventive Services Task Force, BARRY M J, NICHOLSON W K, et al. Screening for anxiety disorders in adults: Us Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement[J]. JAMA, 2023, 329(24): 2163-2170. [51] 51中华医学会精神医学分会老年精神医学组. 老年期抑郁障碍诊疗专家共识[J]. 中华精神科杂志, 2017, 50(5):329-334. [52] ROBINSON E G, HEDNA K, HAKKARAINEN K M, et al. Healthcare costs of adverse drug reactions and potentially inappropriate prescribing in older adults: a population-based study[J]. BMJ Open, 2022, 12(9): e062589. [53] XUE QIN Q N, MING L C, ABD WAHAB M S, et al. Drug-related problems among older people with dementia: a systematic review[J]. Res Social Adm Pharm, 2023, 19(6): 873-881. [54] 郑泽豪, 何娟, 魏安华, 等. 老年患者多重用药研究现状与热点前沿的中文文献计量分析[J]. 医药导报, 2022, 41(5): 718-724. [55] CURTIN D, GALLAGHER P, O’MAHONY D. Deprescribing in older people approaching end-of-life: development and validation of STOPPFrail version 2[J]. Age Ageing, 2021, 50(2): 465-471. [56] VERMA A, SAHA S, JARL J, et al. An overview of systematic reviews and meta-analyses on the effect of medication interventions targeting polypharmacy for frail older adults[J]. J Clin Med, 2023, 12(4): 1379. [57] SCHOBERER D, BREIMAIER H E, ZUSCHNEGG J, et al. Fall prevention in hospitals and nursing homes: clinical practice guideline[J]. Worldviews Evid Based Nurs, 2022, 19(2): 86-93. [58] JAHANTABI-NEJAD S, AZAD A. Predictive accuracy of performance oriented mobility assessment for falls in older adults: a systematic review[J]. Med J Islam Repub Iran, 2019, 33: 38. [59] Panel on Prevention of Falls in Older Persons, American Geriatrics Society and British Geriatrics Society. Summary of the Updated American Geriatrics Society/British Geriatrics Society clinical practice guideline for prevention of falls in older persons[J]. J Am Geriatr Soc, 2011, 59(1): 148-157. [60] 皮红英, 高远, 候惠如, 等. 老年人跌倒风险综合管理专家共识[J]. 中华保健医学杂志, 2022, 24(6): 439-441. [61] KRUSCHKE C, BUTCHER H K. Evidence-based practice guideline: fall prevention for older adults[J]. J Gerontol Nurs, 2017, 43(11): 15-21. [62] MORELLO R T, SOH S E, BEHM K, et al. Multifactorial falls prevention programmes for older adults presenting to the emergency department with a fall: systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. Inj Prev, 2019, 25(6): 557-564. [63] SHERRINGTON C, FAIRHALL N, KWOK W, et al. Evidence on physical activity and falls prevention for people aged 65+ years: systematic review to inform the WHO guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour[J]. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act, 2020, 17(1): 144. [64] MONTERO-ODASSO M M, KAMKAR N, PIERUCCINI-FARIA F, et al. Evaluation of clinical practice guidelines on fall prevention and management for older adults: a systematic review[J]. JAMA Netw Open, 2021, 4(12): e2138911. [65] ELLIS G, GARDNER M, TSIACHRISTAS A, et al. Comprehensive geriatric assessment for older adults admitted to hospital[J]. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2017, 9(9): CD006211. [66] FOX M T, PERSAUD M, MAIMETS I, et al. Effectiveness of acute geriatric unit care using acute care for elders components: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. J Am Geriatr Soc, 2012, 60(12): 2237-2245. [67] FOX M T, SIDANI S, PERSAUD M, et al. Acute care for elders components of acute geriatric unit care: systematic descriptive review[J]. J Am Geriatr Soc, 2013, 61(6): 939-946. [68] 郭银宁, 丁玲玉, 缪雪怡, 等. 消化道肿瘤患者衰弱干预的研究进展[J]. 实用临床医药杂志, 2023, 27(14): 143-148. [69] WINDHABER T, KOULA M L, NTZANI E, et al. Educational strategies to train health care professionals across the education continuum on the process of frailty prevention and frailty management: a systematic review[J]. Aging Clin Exp Res, 2018, 30(12): 1409-1415. [70] 张艳, 梁亚萍, 孙铭薇, 等. 老年人衰弱的影响因素分析[J]. 中华疾病控制杂志, 2019, 23(2): 140-145. [71] 黄斌英, 李丽金, 王美华, 等. 一体化健康管理和长期护理在住院老年衰弱患者中的应用效果[J]. 临床医学研究与实践, 2023, 8(20): 142-145, 186. [72] 权月, 张瑞华, 姜虹, 等. 智随访平台居家衰弱管理方案在老年术后患者中的应用[J]. 中国护理管理, 2023, 23(7): 1084-1089. [73] 郭金鸿, 袁红娣, 潘红英. 微视频联合情境体验式健康教育对老年糖尿病患者衰弱和自我管理行为的影响[J]. 中国实用护理杂志, 2022, 38(17):1281-1286. |
[1] | 张璇, 张飞, 王佳贺. 前言——炎症与常见老年综合征的研究进展[J]. 实用老年医学, 2025, 39(6): 541-542. |
[2] | 张飞, 张孔雁, 王佳贺. 前言——口腔衰弱与常见老年综合征关系的研究进展[J]. 实用老年医学, 2024, 38(9): 865-866. |
[3] | 李净兵, 王会军, 王少颖, 赵璨, 王莉迪, 曹玉娇. 己酮可可碱联合硫辛酸对老年衰弱综合征病人躯体功能及生活质量的影响[J]. 实用老年医学, 2024, 38(8): 812-815. |
[4] | 刘雅婷, 陈琼, 孔彦洁, 彭云, 洪丹, 彭琳琳, 胡兰, 陈霞, 张星, 刘丽华, 南亚昀. 3种跌倒风险自评工具在住院老年病人中应用的信效度及预测价值分析[J]. 实用老年医学, 2024, 38(6): 572-576. |
[5] | 李詹, 周凯云, 鲍凤香, 陈玉伦. 太极拳结合抗阻训练应用于养老机构老年衰弱病人的研究[J]. 实用老年医学, 2022, 36(12): 1277-1280. |
[6] | 欧密, 李瑞, 吕凤琳, 彭琳, 刘琳, 胡礼炳, 王春晖. 老年根治性膀胱切除术病人衰弱风险的研究进展[J]. 实用老年医学, 2022, 36(11): 1162-1165. |
[7] | 蒋小曼, 丁玲玉, 朱涵菲, 徐欣怡, 许勤. 老年人衰弱与代谢综合征关系的研究进展[J]. 实用老年医学, 2022, 36(10): 1054-1057. |
[8] | 徐静, 李娇娇, 陈雅, 王丽. 社区老年人功能性体适能现状及与慢性病共病的相关性分析[J]. 实用老年医学, 2022, 36(9): 897-901. |
[9] | 杨君红, 梁兰玉, 单清. 预后营养指数对老年重症COPD病人预后的预测价值[J]. 实用老年医学, 2022, 36(9): 911-915. |
[10] | 袁胜楠, 周静, 李敏,. 知觉压力在住院老年病人自我忽视与衰弱间的中介作用[J]. 实用老年医学, 2022, 36(9): 920-923. |
[11] | 王佳贺. 前言—老年人常见社区急症的临床特点及治疗[J]. 实用老年医学, 2022, 36(8): 757-758. |
[12] | 董星娜, 邬真力. 老年人晕厥的临床特点及诊疗进展[J]. 实用老年医学, 2022, 36(8): 759-761. |
[13] | 骆涵泳, 李铭麟, 崔檬, 王佳贺. 老年人常见社区急症—呼吸困难的临床特点及治疗[J]. 实用老年医学, 2022, 36(8): 762-765. |
[14] | 宫铭, 张成普. 老年人常见创伤的临床特点及治疗[J]. 实用老年医学, 2022, 36(8): 766-770. |
[15] | 辜圆媛, 刘焕兵. 社区老年人呕血的临床特点及治疗[J]. 实用老年医学, 2022, 36(8): 771-775. |
阅读次数 | ||||||
全文 |
|
|||||
摘要 |
|
|||||
|