老年重症病人营养治疗并发症处理

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1003-9198.2025.05.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 老年病人随着年龄增长,器官功能逐渐退化,胃肠道吸收功能减弱,罹患疾病后常出现胃肠功能紊乱,可增加死亡率、感染率,延长住院时间,造成临床预后不良,降低生活质量。老年重症病人常无法自主进食,需给予肠内营养及肠外营养支持。营养支持治疗对老年重症病人十分重要,有利于改善病人的营养不良,但也会导致许多营养相关并发症。本文将总结肠内营养及肠外营养相关并发症,阐述预防和治疗并发症的方法,以期提升老年重症病人的营养支持效果,改善病人临床预后及生活质量。

关键词: 老年人, 重症, 肠内营养并发症, 肠外营养并发症

Abstract: Due to aging, elderly patients experience gradual deterioration in organ functions and weakened gastrointestinal absorption capacity. After falling ill, they often suffer from gastrointestinal dysfunction, which can increase mortality and infection rates, prolong hospitalization duration, lead to poor clinical prognosis, and reduce quality of life. Elderly critically ill patients often cannot eat independently and require enteral nutrition (EN) and parenteral nutrition (PN) support. For this vulnerable geriatric population with critical conditions, nutritional support therapy plays a crucial role in improving malnutrition, yet may simultaneously induce various nutrition-related complications. This article summarizes the complications associated with EN and PN, introduces preventive measures and therapeutic approaches for these complications, aiming to enhance nutritional support efficacy for elderly critically ill patients, ultimately improving their clinical outcomes and quality of life.

Key words: aged, critically illness, enteral nutrition related complications, parenteral nutrition related complications

中图分类号:

R 153.3

甘宇婧, 黄敏. 老年重症病人营养治疗并发症处理[J]. 实用老年医学, 2025, 39(5): 433-438.

GAN Yujing, HUANG Min. Management of complications of nutrition therapy for elderly critically ill patients[J]. Practical Geriatrics, 2025, 39(5): 433-438.

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